Ignite Creation Date:
2025-12-26 @ 10:17 PM
Ignite Modification Date:
2026-04-18 @ 7:29 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT03220412
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2019-06-03
First Post:
2017-07-14
Is Gene Therapy:
True
Has Adverse Events:
True
Brief Title:
Viewing Movie Violence & Interest in Guns
Sponsor:
Organization:
Raw JSON
{'hasResults': True, 'derivedSection': {'miscInfoModule': {'versionHolder': '2025-12-24'}, 'conditionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D000294', 'term': 'Adolescent Behavior'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D001519', 'term': 'Behavior'}]}, 'interventionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D009040', 'term': 'Motion Pictures'}, {'id': 'D005389', 'term': 'Firearms'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D001296', 'term': 'Audiovisual Aids'}, {'id': 'D018961', 'term': 'Educational Technology'}, {'id': 'D013672', 'term': 'Technology'}, {'id': 'D013676', 'term': 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture'}, {'id': 'D054041', 'term': 'Weapons'}, {'id': 'D008420', 'term': 'Manufactured Materials'}]}}, 'resultsSection': {'moreInfoModule': {'pointOfContact': {'email': 'bushman.20@osu.edu', 'phone': '614-688-8779', 'title': 'Dr. Brad Bushman', 'organization': 'The Ohio State University'}, 'certainAgreement': {'piSponsorEmployee': True}}, 'adverseEventsModule': {'eventGroups': [{'id': 'EG000', 'title': 'Experimental Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie without guns. The movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was edited to remove guns from scenes.\n\nMovies without Guns: Participants in this arm viewed movies (National Treasure, The Rocketeer) without guns. The movies, rated PG, were edited to remove guns from the scenes', 'otherNumAtRisk': 54, 'otherNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 54, 'seriousNumAffected': 0}, {'id': 'EG001', 'title': 'Control Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie with guns, as it was filmed and distributed. The actual scenes in the movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was not edited, but the same scenes were used as the Experimental Condition', 'otherNumAtRisk': 50, 'otherNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 50, 'seriousNumAffected': 0}], 'frequencyThreshold': '5'}, 'outcomeMeasuresModule': {'outcomeMeasures': [{'type': 'PRIMARY', 'title': 'Trigger Pulls', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '54', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Experimental Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition watched movies as they were released, with guns.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Control', 'description': 'Participants in this condition watched the same movie and same scenes with guns edited out of the scenes.'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '2.8', 'groupId': 'OG000', 'lowerLimit': '0.2', 'upperLimit': '2.8'}, {'value': '0.01', 'groupId': 'OG001', 'lowerLimit': '0.01', 'upperLimit': '0.2'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEDIAN', 'timeFrame': '20 minutes after intervention', 'description': 'The adjusted median of the number of trigger pulls per child. These data refer to the reduced Generalized Estimating Equation model for the two conditions. This model included participant gender and condition, bu not any of the other control variables.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Number of trigger pulls', 'dispersionType': '95% Confidence Interval', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}, {'type': 'PRIMARY', 'title': 'Seconds Holding Gun', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '54', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Experimental Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie without guns. The movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was edited to remove guns from scenes.\n\nMovies without Guns: Participants in this arm viewed movies (National Treasure, The Rocketeer) without guns. The movies, rated PG, were edited to remove guns from the scenes'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Control Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie with guns, as it was filmed and distributed. The actual scenes in the movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was not edited, but the same scenes were used as the Experimental Condition'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '53.1', 'groupId': 'OG000', 'lowerLimit': '35.1', 'upperLimit': '53.1'}, {'value': '11.1', 'groupId': 'OG001', 'lowerLimit': '10.7', 'upperLimit': '16.7'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'timeFrame': '20 minutes after intervention', 'description': 'Number of seconds participant held gun', 'unitOfMeasure': 'seconds', 'dispersionType': '95% Confidence Interval', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}]}, 'participantFlowModule': {'groups': [{'id': 'FG000', 'title': 'Experimental Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie without guns. The movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was edited to remove guns from scenes.\n\nMovies without Guns: Participants in this arm viewed movies (National Treasure, The Rocketeer) without guns. The movies, rated PG, were edited to remove guns from the scenes'}, {'id': 'FG001', 'title': 'Control Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie with guns, as it was filmed and distributed. The actual scenes in the movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was not edited, but the same scenes were used as the Experimental Condition'}], 'periods': [{'title': 'Overall Study', 'milestones': [{'type': 'STARTED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '54'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '50'}]}, {'type': 'COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '54'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '50'}]}, {'type': 'NOT COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '0'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '0'}]}]}]}, 'baselineCharacteristicsModule': {'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '54', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '104', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'BG000', 'title': 'Experimental Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie without guns. The movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was edited to remove guns from scenes.\n\nMovies without Guns: Participants in this arm viewed movies (National Treasure, The Rocketeer) without guns. The movies, rated PG, were edited to remove guns from the scenes'}, {'id': 'BG001', 'title': 'Control Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie with guns, as it was filmed and distributed. The actual scenes in the movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was not edited, but the same scenes were used as the Experimental Condition'}, {'id': 'BG002', 'title': 'Total', 'description': 'Total of all reporting groups'}], 'measures': [{'title': 'Age, Categorical', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': '<=18 years', 'measurements': [{'value': '54', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '104', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Between 18 and 65 years', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': '>=65 years', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Age, Continuous', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '9.7', 'spread': '1.5', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '10.14', 'spread': '1.5', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '9.9', 'spread': '1.5', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'years', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Sex: Female, Male', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'Female', 'measurements': [{'value': '16', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '42', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Male', 'measurements': [{'value': '38', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '24', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '62', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'Hispanic or Latino', 'measurements': [{'value': '1', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '2', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '3', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Not Hispanic or Latino', 'measurements': [{'value': '53', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '48', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '101', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Unknown or Not Reported', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Race (NIH/OMB)', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'American Indian or Alaska Native', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Asian', 'measurements': [{'value': '2', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '2', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Black or African American', 'measurements': [{'value': '14', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '17', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '31', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'White', 'measurements': [{'value': '33', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '29', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '62', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'More than one race', 'measurements': [{'value': '5', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '4', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '9', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Unknown or Not Reported', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Region of Enrollment', 'classes': [{'title': 'United States', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '54', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '104', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}]}}, 'protocolSection': {'designModule': {'phases': ['NA'], 'studyType': 'INTERVENTIONAL', 'designInfo': {'allocation': 'RANDOMIZED', 'maskingInfo': {'masking': 'SINGLE', 'whoMasked': ['PARTICIPANT'], 'maskingDescription': "Participants did not know which condition they were in. Participants' parents were aware of the deception (hidden gun) and what condition their children were in (with or without guns). Research personnel knew conditions as well. Research assistants who transcribed recorded laboratory sessions did not know what condition they were coding (eg. what type of movie participants watched)"}, 'primaryPurpose': 'OTHER', 'interventionModel': 'PARALLEL', 'interventionModelDescription': 'Participants are randomly assigned to watch a movie containing guns, or a movie not containing guns.'}, 'enrollmentInfo': {'type': 'ACTUAL', 'count': 104}}, 'statusModule': {'overallStatus': 'COMPLETED', 'startDateStruct': {'date': '2015-07-15', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'expandedAccessInfo': {'hasExpandedAccess': False}, 'statusVerifiedDate': '2019-05', 'completionDateStruct': {'date': '2016-01-01', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'lastUpdateSubmitDate': '2019-05-30', 'studyFirstSubmitDate': '2017-07-14', 'resultsFirstSubmitDate': '2018-04-03', 'studyFirstSubmitQcDate': '2017-07-17', 'lastUpdatePostDateStruct': {'date': '2019-06-03', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstSubmitQcDate': '2019-05-09', 'studyFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2017-07-18', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2019-05-10', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'primaryCompletionDateStruct': {'date': '2016-01-01', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}}, 'outcomesModule': {'primaryOutcomes': [{'measure': 'Trigger Pulls', 'timeFrame': '20 minutes after intervention', 'description': 'The adjusted median of the number of trigger pulls per child. These data refer to the reduced Generalized Estimating Equation model for the two conditions. This model included participant gender and condition, bu not any of the other control variables.'}, {'measure': 'Seconds Holding Gun', 'timeFrame': '20 minutes after intervention', 'description': 'Number of seconds participant held gun'}]}, 'oversightModule': {'oversightHasDmc': False, 'isFdaRegulatedDrug': False, 'isFdaRegulatedDevice': False}, 'conditionsModule': {'keywords': ['adolescent', 'gun', 'violence', 'media'], 'conditions': ['Psychology, Social', 'Adolescent Behavior']}, 'referencesModule': {'references': [{'pmid': '28973535', 'type': 'DERIVED', 'citation': "Dillon KP, Bushman BJ. Effects of Exposure to Gun Violence in Movies on Children's Interest in Real Guns. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Nov 1;171(11):1057-1062. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.2229."}]}, 'descriptionModule': {'briefSummary': "More American children die by accidental gun use than children in other developed countries. One factor that can influence children's interest in guns is exposure to media containing guns. The objective of this study is to test whether children who see a movie containing guns will handle a real gun longer and will pull the trigger more times than children who see the same movie without guns.", 'detailedDescription': 'A recent analysis of top selling films found that the depiction of guns in violent scenes in PG-13 films that target youth has increased from the level of G and PG files in 1985 when the rating was introduced, to the level of R films by 2005, to exceed the level of R films since 2012. By definition, a PG-13 movie is supposed to have less violence than an R-rated movie. The Motion Picture Association of America says on its website that the violence in a PG-13 movie "does not reach the restricted R category." Our study shows that it does. By including guns in violent scenes, film producers may be inadvertently increasing aggression in youth via a weapons effect. This experiment directly tests this hypothesis.'}, 'eligibilityModule': {'sex': 'ALL', 'stdAges': ['CHILD'], 'maximumAge': '12 Years', 'minimumAge': '8 Years', 'healthyVolunteers': True, 'eligibilityCriteria': 'Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAge 8-12yrs, had not participated in study prior, was able to schedule participation with a known peer (8-12yo).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nYounger than 8yo, older than 12yo, had participated in study prior, could not schedule participation with a known peer (8-12yo)'}, 'identificationModule': {'nctId': 'NCT03220412', 'briefTitle': 'Viewing Movie Violence & Interest in Guns', 'organization': {'class': 'OTHER', 'fullName': 'Ohio State University'}, 'officialTitle': 'Exposure to Gun Violence in Movies Increases Interest in Real Guns', 'orgStudyIdInfo': {'id': '2013B0542-3'}}, 'armsInterventionsModule': {'armGroups': [{'type': 'EXPERIMENTAL', 'label': 'Experimental Condition', 'description': 'Intervention was guns in movies. Participants in this condition viewed a movie with guns, as it was filmed and distributed. The actual scenes in the movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was not edited, but the same scenes were used as the Experimental Condition Intervention is m', 'interventionNames': ['Behavioral: Movies with Guns']}, {'type': 'NO_INTERVENTION', 'label': 'Control Condition', 'description': 'Participants in this condition viewed a movie without guns. The movie (National Treasure or The Rocketeer) was edited to remove guns from scenes.'}], 'interventions': [{'name': 'Movies with Guns', 'type': 'BEHAVIORAL', 'description': 'Participants in this arm viewed movies (National Treasure, The Rocketeer) without guns. The movies, rated PG, were edited to remove guns from the scenes', 'armGroupLabels': ['Experimental Condition']}]}, 'contactsLocationsModule': {'overallOfficials': [{'name': 'Brad J Bushman, PhD', 'role': 'PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR', 'affiliation': 'The Ohio State Universit'}]}, 'ipdSharingStatementModule': {'ipdSharing': 'UNDECIDED', 'description': 'We are considering making individual participant data available, but need to determine steps and appropriateness according to our institutional IRB board.'}, 'sponsorCollaboratorsModule': {'leadSponsor': {'name': 'Ohio State University', 'class': 'OTHER'}, 'responsibleParty': {'type': 'PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR', 'investigatorTitle': 'Professor of Communication & Psychology', 'investigatorFullName': 'Brad Bushman', 'investigatorAffiliation': 'Ohio State University'}}}}