Ignite Creation Date:
2025-12-25 @ 12:44 AM
Ignite Modification Date:
2025-12-25 @ 10:56 PM
Study NCT ID:
NCT00323167
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2022-08-10
First Post:
2006-05-08
Is NOT Gene Therapy:
False
Has Adverse Events:
False
Brief Title:
Rare Genetic Disorders of the Breathing Airways
Sponsor:
Organization:
Raw JSON
{'hasResults': False, 'derivedSection': {'miscInfoModule': {'versionHolder': '2025-12-24'}, 'conditionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D007619', 'term': 'Kartagener Syndrome'}, {'id': 'D003550', 'term': 'Cystic Fibrosis'}, {'id': 'D011546', 'term': 'Pseudohypoaldosteronism'}, {'id': 'D002925', 'term': 'Ciliary Motility Disorders'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D001987', 'term': 'Bronchiectasis'}, {'id': 'D001982', 'term': 'Bronchial Diseases'}, {'id': 'D012140', 'term': 'Respiratory Tract Diseases'}, {'id': 'D015619', 'term': 'Respiratory System Abnormalities'}, {'id': 'D010038', 'term': 'Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases'}, {'id': 'D003914', 'term': 'Dextrocardia'}, {'id': 'D006330', 'term': 'Heart Defects, Congenital'}, {'id': 'D018376', 'term': 'Cardiovascular Abnormalities'}, {'id': 'D002318', 'term': 'Cardiovascular Diseases'}, {'id': 'D006331', 'term': 'Heart Diseases'}, {'id': 'D000072661', 'term': 'Ciliopathies'}, {'id': 'D000015', 'term': 'Abnormalities, Multiple'}, {'id': 'D000013', 'term': 'Congenital Abnormalities'}, {'id': 'D009358', 'term': 'Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities'}, {'id': 'D012857', 'term': 'Situs Inversus'}, {'id': 'D030342', 'term': 'Genetic Diseases, Inborn'}, {'id': 'D010182', 'term': 'Pancreatic Diseases'}, {'id': 'D004066', 'term': 'Digestive System Diseases'}, {'id': 'D008171', 'term': 'Lung Diseases'}, {'id': 'D007232', 'term': 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases'}, {'id': 'D015499', 'term': 'Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors'}, {'id': 'D007674', 'term': 'Kidney Diseases'}, {'id': 'D014570', 'term': 'Urologic Diseases'}, {'id': 'D052776', 'term': 'Female Urogenital Diseases'}, {'id': 'D005261', 'term': 'Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications'}, {'id': 'D000091642', 'term': 'Urogenital Diseases'}, {'id': 'D052801', 'term': 'Male Urogenital Diseases'}]}}, 'protocolSection': {'designModule': {'bioSpec': {'retention': 'SAMPLES_WITH_DNA', 'description': 'Respiratory cultures, nasal samples, and blood samples'}, 'studyType': 'OBSERVATIONAL', 'designInfo': {'timePerspective': 'OTHER', 'observationalModel': 'COHORT'}, 'enrollmentInfo': {'type': 'ACTUAL', 'count': 367}}, 'statusModule': {'overallStatus': 'COMPLETED', 'startDateStruct': {'date': '2006-05'}, 'expandedAccessInfo': {'hasExpandedAccess': False}, 'statusVerifiedDate': '2022-08', 'completionDateStruct': {'date': '2012-10', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'lastUpdateSubmitDate': '2022-08-09', 'studyFirstSubmitDate': '2006-05-08', 'studyFirstSubmitQcDate': '2006-05-08', 'lastUpdatePostDateStruct': {'date': '2022-08-10', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'studyFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2006-05-09', 'type': 'ESTIMATED'}, 'primaryCompletionDateStruct': {'date': '2012-10', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}}, 'outcomesModule': {'primaryOutcomes': [{'measure': 'This is not an interventional study', 'timeFrame': 'This is not an interventional study', 'description': 'Not applicable. This is not an interventional study.'}]}, 'oversightModule': {'oversightHasDmc': True}, 'conditionsModule': {'keywords': ['Variant Cystic Fibrosis', 'Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia'], 'conditions': ['Kartagener Syndrome', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Pseudohypoaldosteronism', 'Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia']}, 'referencesModule': {'references': [{'pmid': '17026878', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Kennedy MP, Ostrowski LE. Primary ciliary dyskinesia and upper airway diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2006 Nov;6(6):513-7. doi: 10.1007/s11882-006-0030-7.'}, {'pmid': '17142159', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Ferkol T, Leigh M. Primary ciliary dyskinesia and newborn respiratory distress. Semin Perinatol. 2006 Dec;30(6):335-40. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2005.11.001.'}, {'pmid': '17059358', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Omran H. Genetic defects in ciliary structure and function. Annu Rev Physiol. 2007;69:423-50. doi: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.040705.141301.'}, {'pmid': '16858015', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Zariwala MA, Leigh MW, Ceppa F, Kennedy MP, Noone PG, Carson JL, Hazucha MJ, Lori A, Horvath J, Olbrich H, Loges NT, Bridoux AM, Pennarun G, Duriez B, Escudier E, Mitchison HM, Chodhari R, Chung EM, Morgan LC, de Iongh RU, Rutland J, Pradal U, Omran H, Amselem S, Knowles MR. Mutations of DNAI1 in primary ciliary dyskinesia: evidence of founder effect in a common mutation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Oct 15;174(8):858-66. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200603-370OC. Epub 2006 Jul 20.'}, {'pmid': '16757159', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Kennedy MP, Noone PG, Carson J, Molina PL, Ghio A, Zariwala MA, Minnix SL, Knowles MR. Calcium stone lithoptysis in primary ciliary dyskinesia. Respir Med. 2007 Jan;101(1):76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.04.007. Epub 2006 Jun 6.'}, {'pmid': '16627867', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Hornef N, Olbrich H, Horvath J, Zariwala MA, Fliegauf M, Loges NT, Wildhaber J, Noone PG, Kennedy M, Antonarakis SE, Blouin JL, Bartoloni L, Nusslein T, Ahrens P, Griese M, Kuhl H, Sudbrak R, Knowles MR, Reinhardt R, Omran H. DNAH5 mutations are a common cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia with outer dynein arm defects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Jul 15;174(2):120-6. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200601-084OC. Epub 2006 Apr 20.'}, {'pmid': '15845866', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Horvath J, Fliegauf M, Olbrich H, Kispert A, King SM, Mitchison H, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Sudbrak R, Fekete G, Neesen J, Reinhardt R, Omran H. Identification and analysis of axonemal dynein light chain 1 in primary ciliary dyskinesia patients. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2005 Jul;33(1):41-7. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2004-0335OC. Epub 2005 Apr 21.'}, {'pmid': '15750039', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Fliegauf M, Olbrich H, Horvath J, Wildhaber JH, Zariwala MA, Kennedy M, Knowles MR, Omran H. Mislocalization of DNAH5 and DNAH9 in respiratory cells from patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Jun 15;171(12):1343-9. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200411-1583OC. Epub 2005 Mar 4.'}, {'pmid': '20301301', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Zariwala MA, Despotes KA, Davis SD. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. 2007 Jan 24 [updated 2025 May 22]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2025. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1122/'}, {'pmid': '17449765', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Kennedy MP, Noone PG, Leigh MW, Zariwala MA, Minnix SL, Knowles MR, Molina PL. High-resolution CT of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007 May;188(5):1232-8. doi: 10.2214/AJR.06.0965.'}, {'pmid': '17534128', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Morillas HN, Zariwala M, Knowles MR. Genetic causes of bronchiectasis: primary ciliary dyskinesia. Respiration. 2007;74(3):252-63. doi: 10.1159/000101783.'}, {'pmid': '17515466', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Kennedy MP, Omran H, Leigh MW, Dell S, Morgan L, Molina PL, Robinson BV, Minnix SL, Olbrich H, Severin T, Ahrens P, Lange L, Morillas HN, Noone PG, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR. Congenital heart disease and other heterotaxic defects in a large cohort of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Circulation. 2007 Jun 5;115(22):2814-21. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.649038. Epub 2007 May 21.'}, {'pmid': '19944400', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Loges NT, Olbrich H, Becker-Heck A, Haffner K, Heer A, Reinhard C, Schmidts M, Kispert A, Zariwala MA, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Zentgraf H, Seithe H, Nurnberg G, Nurnberg P, Reinhardt R, Omran H. Deletions and point mutations of LRRC50 cause primary ciliary dyskinesia due to dynein arm defects. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Dec;85(6):883-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.018.'}, {'pmid': '19606528', 'type': 'BACKGROUND', 'citation': 'Leigh MW, Pittman JE, Carson JL, Ferkol TW, Dell SD, Davis SD, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA. Clinical and genetic aspects of primary ciliary dyskinesia/Kartagener syndrome. Genet Med. 2009 Jul;11(7):473-87. doi: 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181a53562.'}, {'pmid': '21926394', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Zariwala MA, Omran H, Ferkol TW. The emerging genetics of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):430-3. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-023SD.'}, {'pmid': '21926395', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': "Leigh MW, O'Callaghan C, Knowles MR. The challenges of diagnosing primary ciliary dyskinesia. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):434-7. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-028SD."}, {'pmid': '21926396', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Sagel SD, Davis SD, Campisi P, Dell SD. Update of respiratory tract disease in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):438-43. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-024SD.'}, {'pmid': '21926392', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Davis SD, Knowles M, Leigh M. Introduction: primary ciliary dyskinesia and overlapping syndromes. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):421-2. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-026SD. No abstract available.'}, {'pmid': '21514598', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Mateos-Corral D, Coombs R, Grasemann H, Ratjen F, Dell SD. Diagnostic value of nasal nitric oxide measured with non-velum closure techniques for children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. J Pediatr. 2011 Sep;159(3):420-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.03.007. Epub 2011 Apr 22.'}, {'pmid': '22184204', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Knowles MR, Leigh MW, Carson JL, Davis SD, Dell SD, Ferkol TW, Olivier KN, Sagel SD, Rosenfeld M, Burns KA, Minnix SL, Armstrong MC, Lori A, Hazucha MJ, Loges NT, Olbrich H, Becker-Heck A, Schmidts M, Werner C, Omran H, Zariwala MA; Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium. Mutations of DNAH11 in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia with normal ciliary ultrastructure. Thorax. 2012 May;67(5):433-41. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200301. Epub 2011 Dec 18.'}, {'pmid': '22276227', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Stillwell PC, Wartchow EP, Sagel SD. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Children: A Review for Pediatricians, Allergists, and Pediatric Pulmonologists. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 2011 Dec;24(4):191-196. doi: 10.1089/ped.2011.0099.'}, {'pmid': '22328589', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Knowles MR, Leigh MW, Zariwala MA. Cutting edge genetic studies in primary ciliary dyskinesia. Thorax. 2012 May;67(5):464; author reply 464. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201609. Epub 2012 Feb 10. No abstract available.'}, {'pmid': '22177992', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Ferkol TW, Leigh MW. Ciliopathies: the central role of cilia in a spectrum of pediatric disorders. J Pediatr. 2012 Mar;160(3):366-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.11.024. Epub 2011 Dec 16. No abstract available.'}, {'pmid': '22499950', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Nakhleh N, Francis R, Giese RA, Tian X, Li Y, Zariwala MA, Yagi H, Khalifa O, Kureshi S, Chatterjee B, Sabol SL, Swisher M, Connelly PS, Daniels MP, Srinivasan A, Kuehl K, Kravitz N, Burns K, Sami I, Omran H, Barmada M, Olivier K, Chawla KK, Leigh M, Jonas R, Knowles M, Leatherbury L, Lo CW. High prevalence of respiratory ciliary dysfunction in congenital heart disease patients with heterotaxy. Circulation. 2012 May 8;125(18):2232-42. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.079780. Epub 2012 Apr 12.'}, {'pmid': '23040496', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Horani A, Druley TE, Zariwala MA, Patel AC, Levinson BT, Van Arendonk LG, Thornton KC, Giacalone JC, Albee AJ, Wilson KS, Turner EH, Nickerson DA, Shendure J, Bayly PV, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Brody SL, Dutcher SK, Ferkol TW. Whole-exome capture and sequencing identifies HEATR2 mutation as a cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Am J Hum Genet. 2012 Oct 5;91(4):685-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.08.022.'}, {'pmid': '23477994', 'type': 'RESULT', 'citation': 'Ferkol TW, Puffenberger EG, Lie H, Helms C, Strauss KA, Bowcock A, Carson JL, Hazucha M, Morton DH, Patel AC, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA. Primary ciliary dyskinesia-causing mutations in Amish and Mennonite communities. J Pediatr. 2013 Aug;163(2):383-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.01.061. Epub 2013 Mar 7.'}, {'pmid': '38072392', 'type': 'DERIVED', 'citation': 'Kaspy KR, Dell SD, Davis SD, Ferkol TW, Rosenfeld M, Sagel SD, Milla C, Olivier KN, Barber AT, Wee W, Lin FC, Li L, Rampakakis E, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Leigh MW, Shapiro AJ. Situs Ambiguus Is Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Children With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Chest. 2024 May;165(5):1070-1081. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.12.005. Epub 2023 Dec 9.'}, {'pmid': '27070726', 'type': 'DERIVED', 'citation': 'Leigh MW, Ferkol TW, Davis SD, Lee HS, Rosenfeld M, Dell SD, Sagel SD, Milla C, Olivier KN, Sullivan KM, Zariwala MA, Pittman JE, Shapiro AJ, Carson JL, Krischer J, Hazucha MJ, Knowles MR. Clinical Features and Associated Likelihood of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Children and Adolescents. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016 Aug;13(8):1305-13. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201511-748OC.'}, {'pmid': '24577564', 'type': 'DERIVED', 'citation': 'Shapiro AJ, Davis SD, Ferkol T, Dell SD, Rosenfeld M, Olivier KN, Sagel SD, Milla C, Zariwala MA, Wolf W, Carson JL, Hazucha MJ, Burns K, Robinson B, Knowles MR, Leigh MW; Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium. Laterality defects other than situs inversus totalis in primary ciliary dyskinesia: insights into situs ambiguus and heterotaxy. Chest. 2014 Nov;146(5):1176-1186. doi: 10.1378/chest.13-1704.'}]}, 'descriptionModule': {'briefSummary': 'Mucociliary clearance, in which mucus secretions are cleared from the breathing airways, is the primary defense mechanism for the lungs. Inhaled particles, including microbes that can cause infections, are normally entrapped in mucus on the airway surfaces and then cleared out by the coordinated action of tiny hair-like structures called cilia. Individuals with primary ciliary dyskinesia, variant cystic fibrosis, and pseudohypoaldosteronism have defective mucociliary clearance. The purpose of this study is to collect clinical and genetic information about these three airway diseases to improve current diagnostic procedures.', 'detailedDescription': "Two types of genetic diseases are associated with abnormal mucociliary clearance. The first type results in defective ciliary function and includes primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), also known as Kartagener Syndrome. The second type results in defective ion transportation and includes variant cystic fibrosis (CF) and pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA). The clinical manifestations of these three diseases overlap, and current evaluation procedures are inadequate for an accurate and timely diagnosis. A delayed diagnosis, coupled with poorly defined disease categories, results in sub-optimal treatment regimens. The purpose of this study is to better define the clinical and genetic features of PCD, variant CF, and PHA to develop improved diagnostic procedures. The study will also compare prevalence and age-related information among the three diseases and classic CF. Outcomes of this study may lead to improved clinical care and novel therapeutic approaches for rare genetic disorders of the airways.\n\nPrior to study entry, previous clinical data on all participants will be reviewed to ensure that individuals do not have common variants of asthma. In some cases, further clinical evaluation (sweat chloride testing, immunodeficiency testing, and a high-resolution computed tomography scan) may be recommended. Eligible participants will attend an initial six-hour study visit similar to a standard diagnostic evaluation. The participant's medical history will be reviewed and a physical examination will include height, weight, and vital sign measurements. Respiratory cultures, nasal samples, and blood will be collected. Non-invasive techniques will be used to measure oxyhemoglobin saturation levels and airflow; a chest x-ray will be required if none has been done in the last six months.\n\nIf a firm diagnosis of PCD or variant CF has not been established after completion of the first study visit, the participant may return for additional visits. Salivary and semen samples may be collected from some individuals. A sweat chloride test and nasal potential difference test may also be performed."}, 'eligibilityModule': {'sex': 'ALL', 'stdAges': ['CHILD', 'ADULT', 'OLDER_ADULT'], 'samplingMethod': 'NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE', 'studyPopulation': 'Individuals with suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia, non-classical or variant cystic fibrosis, and pseudohypoaldosteronism', 'healthyVolunteers': False, 'eligibilityCriteria': 'Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Received a standard diagnostic evaluation prior to study entry that resulted in one of the following three profiles:\n\n 1. High likelihood of PCD diagnosis, based on ciliary ultrastructural changes seen on electron microscopy or clinical features (chronic sinopulmonary disease, chronic otitis media, history of neonatal respiratory distress or situs inversus) OR one clinical feature of PCD and a sibling with PCD\n 2. Chronic sino-pulmonary disease with clinical features that overlap with variant CF and PCD, but with diagnostic tests that rule out classical CF (sweat chloride testing and CF gene mutation screening)\n 3. Known or suspected PHA (or variant PHA), possibly including elevated (or borderline) sweat chloride values\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Has not received a standard clinical evaluation to rule out other disorders associated with chronic sino-pulmonary disease'}, 'identificationModule': {'nctId': 'NCT00323167', 'briefTitle': 'Rare Genetic Disorders of the Breathing Airways', 'organization': {'class': 'OTHER', 'fullName': 'University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill'}, 'officialTitle': 'Rare Genetic Disorders of the Airways: Cross-sectional Comparison of Clinical Features, and Development of Novel Screening and Genetic Tests', 'orgStudyIdInfo': {'id': '05-2979'}, 'secondaryIdInfos': [{'id': 'U54RR019480', 'link': 'https://reporter.nih.gov/quickSearch/U54RR019480', 'type': 'NIH'}, {'id': 'RDCRN 5902', 'type': 'OTHER', 'domain': 'UNC'}]}, 'contactsLocationsModule': {'locations': [{'zip': '94304', 'city': 'Palo Alto', 'state': 'California', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'Stanford University', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 37.44188, 'lon': -122.14302}}, {'zip': '80206', 'city': 'Denver', 'state': 'Colorado', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'National Jewish Health', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 39.73915, 'lon': -104.9847}}, {'zip': '80218', 'city': 'Denver', 'state': 'Colorado', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': "The Children's Hospital", 'geoPoint': {'lat': 39.73915, 'lon': -104.9847}}, {'zip': '20892', 'city': 'Bethesda', 'state': 'Maryland', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 38.98067, 'lon': -77.10026}}, {'zip': '63130', 'city': 'St Louis', 'state': 'Missouri', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'Washington University', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 38.62727, 'lon': -90.19789}}, {'zip': '27599', 'city': 'Chapel Hill', 'state': 'North Carolina', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 35.9132, 'lon': -79.05584}}, {'zip': '98105', 'city': 'Seattle', 'state': 'Washington', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': "Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center", 'geoPoint': {'lat': 47.60621, 'lon': -122.33207}}, {'zip': 'M5B IW8', 'city': 'Toronto', 'state': 'Ontario', 'country': 'Canada', 'facility': "St. Michael's Hospital", 'geoPoint': {'lat': 43.70643, 'lon': -79.39864}}, {'zip': 'M5G 1X8', 'city': 'Toronto', 'state': 'Ontario', 'country': 'Canada', 'facility': 'The Hospital for Sick Children', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 43.70643, 'lon': -79.39864}}], 'overallOfficials': [{'name': 'Michael R Knowles, MD', 'role': 'PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR', 'affiliation': 'University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill'}]}, 'sponsorCollaboratorsModule': {'leadSponsor': {'name': 'University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill', 'class': 'OTHER'}, 'collaborators': [{'name': 'Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network', 'class': 'NETWORK'}, {'name': 'National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)', 'class': 'NIH'}, {'name': 'National Institutes of Health (NIH)', 'class': 'NIH'}], 'responsibleParty': {'type': 'SPONSOR'}}}}