Ignite Creation Date:
2025-12-25 @ 2:30 AM
Ignite Modification Date:
2026-03-01 @ 5:37 PM
Study NCT ID:
NCT05314634
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2025-02-20
First Post:
2022-03-29
Is NOT Gene Therapy:
True
Has Adverse Events:
True
Brief Title:
The Effect of Acute Concurrent Exercise on Executive Function: An Event-Related Potential Study
Sponsor:
Organization:
Raw JSON
{'hasResults': True, 'derivedSection': {'miscInfoModule': {'versionHolder': '2025-12-24'}, 'interventionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D015444', 'term': 'Exercise'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D009043', 'term': 'Motor Activity'}, {'id': 'D009068', 'term': 'Movement'}, {'id': 'D009142', 'term': 'Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena'}, {'id': 'D055687', 'term': 'Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena'}]}}, 'resultsSection': {'moreInfoModule': {'pointOfContact': {'email': 'rueihongli@gmail.com', 'phone': '+886988163220', 'title': 'Ruei-Hong Li', 'organization': 'National Taiwan Normal University'}, 'certainAgreement': {'piSponsorEmployee': False, 'restrictiveAgreement': False}}, 'adverseEventsModule': {'timeFrame': 'Through study completion, an average of 1 year.', 'eventGroups': [{'id': 'EG000', 'title': 'Concurrent Exercise Group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\nconcurrent exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.', 'otherNumAtRisk': 26, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 26, 'otherNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 26, 'deathsNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAffected': 0}, {'id': 'EG001', 'title': 'Aerobic Exercise Group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\naerobic exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.', 'otherNumAtRisk': 26, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 26, 'otherNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 26, 'deathsNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAffected': 0}, {'id': 'EG002', 'title': 'Reading Control Group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.', 'otherNumAtRisk': 26, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 26, 'otherNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 26, 'deathsNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAffected': 0}], 'frequencyThreshold': '0'}, 'outcomeMeasuresModule': {'outcomeMeasures': [{'type': 'PRIMARY', 'title': 'Task Switch Test Response Times', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}, {'units': 'trials', 'counts': [{'value': '384', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '384', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '384', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Concurrent Exercise Group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\nconcurrent exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Aerobic Exercise Group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\naerobic exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'OG002', 'title': 'Reading Control Group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.'}], 'classes': [{'title': 'Heterogeneous', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}, {'units': 'trials', 'counts': [{'value': '256', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '256', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '256', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '783.97', 'spread': '11.65', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '788.76', 'spread': '11.66', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '839.46', 'spread': '11.65', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}, {'title': 'Homogeneous', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}, {'units': 'trials', 'counts': [{'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '566.46', 'spread': '14.67', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '547.82', 'spread': '14.70', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '618.30', 'spread': '14.72', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}, {'title': 'Non-switch', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}, {'units': 'trials', 'counts': [{'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '737.73', 'spread': '11.63', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '753.98', 'spread': '11.62', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '797.48', 'spread': '11.62', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}, {'title': 'Switch', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}, {'units': 'trials', 'counts': [{'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '128', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '833.32', 'spread': '13.34', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '825.39', 'spread': '13.34', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '882.18', 'spread': '13.34', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'timeFrame': '30 minutes', 'description': "The shifting aspect of executive function was assessed using a computerised task-switching test. Each participant (N=78) completed 384 trials across six blocks (64 trials per block). The test consisted of two types of cognitive tasks: (1) number magnitude judgment (greater/less than 5) for digits 1-9 presented in solid-line squares, and (2) odd/even judgment for numbers presented in dotted-line squares. Performance was analysed by calculating each participant's mean response time (milliseconds) under four conditions:\n\nHomogeneous condition: Blocks where participants performed the same task repeatedly (Blocks 1 \\& 2, e.g., AAAA or BBBB) Heterogeneous condition: Blocks where tasks were mixed (Blocks 3-6, e.g., AABBAA) Non-switch trials: Consecutive trials of the same task type within heterogeneous blocks (e.g., AA or BB) Switch trials: Trials where the task changed from the previous trial within heterogeneous blocks (e.g., AB or BA) Lower response time represents better task perform", 'unitOfMeasure': 'millisecond', 'dispersionType': 'Standard Error', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED', 'typeUnitsAnalyzed': 'trials', 'denomUnitsSelected': 'trials', 'populationDescription': "The analysis was based on participants' mean response times under four cognitive conditions (Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, Non-switch, and Switch), derived from their performance across 384 trials (6 blocks × 64 trials)."}, {'type': 'OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED', 'title': 'Blood Lactate', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Concurrent Exercise Group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\nconcurrent exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Aerobic Exercise Group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\naerobic exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'OG002', 'title': 'Reading Control Group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.'}], 'classes': [{'title': 'Before intervention', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '2.95', 'spread': '0.32', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '3.09', 'spread': '0.32', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '2.4', 'spread': '0.32', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}, {'title': 'Seventeen minutes after intervention', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '5.58', 'spread': '0.41', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '5.27', 'spread': '0.41', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '2.13', 'spread': '0.41', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}, {'title': 'After intervention', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '8.94', 'spread': '0.44', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '4.65', 'spread': '0.44', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '2.44', 'spread': '0.44', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'timeFrame': 'before intervention, 17 minutes after intervention, and immediately after the 35 minute intervention', 'description': 'The lactic acid system is one of the important systems of human energy metabolism. In addition to supplying energy to muscles, it can also be used as an energy source for brain energy metabolism. When people doing exercise, the concentration of blood lactate will be increased, and the lactate acid system will replace the glucose system as the main energy source for the brain. In the present study, blood lactate were collected from fingertip with a lancet and measured by lactate analyzer before, 17 minutes after, and after intervention.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'mmol/l', 'dispersionType': 'Standard Error', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED', 'populationDescription': 'Blood lactate samples were collected from fingertip with a lancet and measured by lactate analyzer at three time points: before, 17 minutes after, and after intervention (three blood samples were collected from each participant).'}, {'type': 'OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED', 'title': 'Stroop Task', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'OG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'OG002'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Concurrent Exercise Group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\nconcurrent exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Aerobic Exercise Group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\naerobic exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'OG002', 'title': 'Reading Control Group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.'}], 'timeFrame': '30 minutes', 'description': 'The Stroop task consists of neutral, congruent, and incongruent trials. In neutral trials, colored rectangles were presented and participants were instructed to respond to whether the squares were red, blue, or green. For congruent and incongruent trials, participants were presented with the names of the three Chinese color words of 紅 (red), 藍 (blue), or 綠 (green) printed in either the same (congruent) or different (incongruent) ink color and instructed to respond to the color of the ink while inhibiting the meaning of the word.', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED', 'populationDescription': 'Given temporal constraints, the Stroop task was not measured in this study.'}]}, 'participantFlowModule': {'groups': [{'id': 'FG000', 'title': 'Concurrent Exercise Group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\nconcurrent exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'FG001', 'title': 'Aerobic Exercise Group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\naerobic exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'FG002', 'title': 'Reading Control Group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.'}], 'periods': [{'title': 'Overall Study', 'milestones': [{'type': 'STARTED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '26'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '26'}, {'groupId': 'FG002', 'numSubjects': '26'}]}, {'type': 'COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '26'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '26'}, {'groupId': 'FG002', 'numSubjects': '26'}]}, {'type': 'NOT COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '0'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '0'}, {'groupId': 'FG002', 'numSubjects': '0'}]}]}]}, 'baselineCharacteristicsModule': {'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '78', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'BG000', 'title': 'Concurrent Exercise Group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\nconcurrent exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'BG001', 'title': 'Aerobic Exercise Group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.\n\naerobic exercise: Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.'}, {'id': 'BG002', 'title': 'Reading Control Group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.'}, {'id': 'BG003', 'title': 'Total', 'description': 'Total of all reporting groups'}], 'measures': [{'title': 'Age, Categorical', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': '<=18 years', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Between 18 and 65 years', 'measurements': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '78', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': '>=65 years', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Age, Continuous', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '22.81', 'spread': '2.00', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '22.85', 'spread': '1.54', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '22.81', 'spread': '1.90', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '22.82', 'spread': '1.80', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'years', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Sex: Female, Male', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'Female', 'measurements': [{'value': '14', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '13', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '13', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '40', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Male', 'measurements': [{'value': '12', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '13', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '13', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '38', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'Hispanic or Latino', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Not Hispanic or Latino', 'measurements': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '78', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Unknown or Not Reported', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Race (NIH/OMB)', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'American Indian or Alaska Native', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Asian', 'measurements': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '78', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Black or African American', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'White', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'More than one race', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}, {'title': 'Unknown or Not Reported', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Region of Enrollment', 'classes': [{'title': 'Taiwan', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '78', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'NUMBER', 'unitOfMeasure': 'participants'}, {'title': 'BMI', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '21.25', 'spread': '2.02', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '20.42', 'spread': '2.42', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '21.72', 'spread': '1.82', 'groupId': 'BG002'}, {'value': '21.13', 'spread': '2.14', 'groupId': 'BG003'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'kg/m^2', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}]}}, 'documentSection': {'largeDocumentModule': {'largeDocs': [{'date': '2023-12-24', 'size': 135513, 'label': 'Study Protocol', 'hasIcf': False, 'hasSap': False, 'filename': 'Prot_000.pdf', 'typeAbbrev': 'Prot', 'uploadDate': '2023-12-25T22:34', 'hasProtocol': True}, {'date': '2023-12-24', 'size': 89235, 'label': 'Statistical Analysis Plan', 'hasIcf': False, 'hasSap': True, 'filename': 'SAP_001.pdf', 'typeAbbrev': 'SAP', 'uploadDate': '2023-12-25T22:34', 'hasProtocol': False}]}}, 'protocolSection': {'designModule': {'phases': ['NA'], 'studyType': 'INTERVENTIONAL', 'designInfo': {'allocation': 'RANDOMIZED', 'maskingInfo': {'masking': 'NONE'}, 'primaryPurpose': 'TREATMENT', 'interventionModel': 'PARALLEL', 'interventionModelDescription': 'Participants were randomly assigned to three group, namely the concurrent exercise group (CE), the aerobic exercise group (AE), and the reading control group (RC). Participants in CE groups were asked to finish 5 min warm-up, 12 min aerobic exercise, 13 min resistance exercise, and 5 min cool down. Participants in the AE group were asked to finish 5 min warm-up, 25 min aerobic exercise, and 5 min cool down. Participants in RC group were required to finish 35 min reading. All groups took a 30 min cognitive test before and after the intervention. The blood lactate were collected before, 17 minutes after, and after the intervention.'}, 'enrollmentInfo': {'type': 'ACTUAL', 'count': 78}}, 'statusModule': {'overallStatus': 'COMPLETED', 'startDateStruct': {'date': '2021-02-15', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'expandedAccessInfo': {'hasExpandedAccess': False}, 'statusVerifiedDate': '2025-02', 'completionDateStruct': {'date': '2022-02-15', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'lastUpdateSubmitDate': '2025-02-18', 'studyFirstSubmitDate': '2022-03-29', 'resultsFirstSubmitDate': '2023-12-26', 'studyFirstSubmitQcDate': '2022-03-29', 'lastUpdatePostDateStruct': {'date': '2025-02-20', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstSubmitQcDate': '2025-02-18', 'studyFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2022-04-06', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2025-02-20', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'primaryCompletionDateStruct': {'date': '2021-08-15', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}}, 'outcomesModule': {'otherOutcomes': [{'measure': 'Blood Lactate', 'timeFrame': 'before intervention, 17 minutes after intervention, and immediately after the 35 minute intervention', 'description': 'The lactic acid system is one of the important systems of human energy metabolism. In addition to supplying energy to muscles, it can also be used as an energy source for brain energy metabolism. When people doing exercise, the concentration of blood lactate will be increased, and the lactate acid system will replace the glucose system as the main energy source for the brain. In the present study, blood lactate were collected from fingertip with a lancet and measured by lactate analyzer before, 17 minutes after, and after intervention.'}, {'measure': 'Stroop Task', 'timeFrame': '30 minutes', 'description': 'The Stroop task consists of neutral, congruent, and incongruent trials. In neutral trials, colored rectangles were presented and participants were instructed to respond to whether the squares were red, blue, or green. For congruent and incongruent trials, participants were presented with the names of the three Chinese color words of 紅 (red), 藍 (blue), or 綠 (green) printed in either the same (congruent) or different (incongruent) ink color and instructed to respond to the color of the ink while inhibiting the meaning of the word.'}], 'primaryOutcomes': [{'measure': 'Task Switch Test Response Times', 'timeFrame': '30 minutes', 'description': "The shifting aspect of executive function was assessed using a computerised task-switching test. Each participant (N=78) completed 384 trials across six blocks (64 trials per block). The test consisted of two types of cognitive tasks: (1) number magnitude judgment (greater/less than 5) for digits 1-9 presented in solid-line squares, and (2) odd/even judgment for numbers presented in dotted-line squares. Performance was analysed by calculating each participant's mean response time (milliseconds) under four conditions:\n\nHomogeneous condition: Blocks where participants performed the same task repeatedly (Blocks 1 \\& 2, e.g., AAAA or BBBB) Heterogeneous condition: Blocks where tasks were mixed (Blocks 3-6, e.g., AABBAA) Non-switch trials: Consecutive trials of the same task type within heterogeneous blocks (e.g., AA or BB) Switch trials: Trials where the task changed from the previous trial within heterogeneous blocks (e.g., AB or BA) Lower response time represents better task perform"}]}, 'oversightModule': {'oversightHasDmc': True, 'isFdaRegulatedDrug': False, 'isFdaRegulatedDevice': False}, 'conditionsModule': {'keywords': ['acute exercise', 'concurrent exercise', 'cognitive flexibility'], 'conditions': ['Executive Function']}, 'descriptionModule': {'briefSummary': 'Executive function is a high-level cognition which plays an important role in our life. Meta-analysis study has demonstrated that acute exercise could improve executive function. However, it is still unclear whether executive function can be enhanced by the concurrent exercise that combines aerobic and resistance exercise. Moreover, previous studies indicated that acute exercise could increase the concentration of blood lactate which is positive correlated to executive function. It is still unclear whether the effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function is mediated by blood lactate. Therefore, the purposes of present study are: (1) Measuring the effect of acute concurrent exercise and aerobic exercise on executive function. (2) Measuring whether the effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function is mediated by blood lactate.', 'detailedDescription': 'Executive function is a high-level cognition which plays an important role in academic performance, career, and interpersonal relationship. Meta-analysis study has demonstrated that acute exercise could improve executive function, and also observed similar positive effect through both aerobic and resistance exercise. However, it is still unclear whether executive function can be enhanced by the concurrent exercise that combines aerobic and resistance exercise. Moreover, previous studies indicated that acute exercise could increase the concentration of blood lactate which is positive correlated to executive function. It is still unclear whether the effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function is mediated by blood lactate. Therefore, the purposes of present study are: (1) Measuring the effect of acute concurrent exercise and aerobic exercise on executive function. (2) Measuring whether the effect of acute concurrent exercise on executive function is mediated by blood lactate.'}, 'eligibilityModule': {'sex': 'ALL', 'stdAges': ['ADULT'], 'maximumAge': '28 Years', 'minimumAge': '21 Years', 'healthyVolunteers': True, 'eligibilityCriteria': 'Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. no history of psychiatric or neurological disorders\n2. no history of cardiovascular disease\n3. normal or corrected to normal vision and normal color perception\n4. right handed\n5. 18.5 \\< BMI \\< 27\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1\\. Diagnosed with epilepsy'}, 'identificationModule': {'nctId': 'NCT05314634', 'briefTitle': 'The Effect of Acute Concurrent Exercise on Executive Function: An Event-Related Potential Study', 'organization': {'class': 'OTHER', 'fullName': 'National Taiwan Normal University'}, 'officialTitle': 'The Effect of Acute Concurrent Exercise on Executive Function: An Event-Related Potential Study', 'orgStudyIdInfo': {'id': 'PACNL_rueihongli_CE'}}, 'armsInterventionsModule': {'armGroups': [{'type': 'EXPERIMENTAL', 'label': 'concurrent exercise group, CE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 12-min aerobic exercise, 13-min resistance exercise, and 5-min cool down.', 'interventionNames': ['Behavioral: concurrent exercise']}, {'type': 'EXPERIMENTAL', 'label': 'aerobic exercise group, AE', 'description': 'Participants conduct 5-min warm up, 25-min aerobic exercise, and 5-min cool down.', 'interventionNames': ['Behavioral: aerobic exercise']}, {'type': 'NO_INTERVENTION', 'label': 'reading control group, RC', 'description': 'Participants conduct reading for 35 minutes.'}], 'interventions': [{'name': 'concurrent exercise', 'type': 'BEHAVIORAL', 'description': 'Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, aerobic exercise for 12-min, resistance exercise for 13-min, and 5-min cool down.', 'armGroupLabels': ['concurrent exercise group, CE']}, {'name': 'aerobic exercise', 'type': 'BEHAVIORAL', 'description': 'Participants conduct warm up for 5-min, resistance training for 25-min, and 5-min cool down.', 'armGroupLabels': ['aerobic exercise group, AE']}]}, 'contactsLocationsModule': {'locations': [{'zip': '106', 'city': 'Taipei', 'country': 'Taiwan', 'facility': 'Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 25.05306, 'lon': 121.52639}}], 'overallOfficials': [{'name': 'Yu-Kai Chang, Ph.D.', 'role': 'STUDY_DIRECTOR', 'affiliation': 'Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University'}]}, 'ipdSharingStatementModule': {'ipdSharing': 'NO'}, 'sponsorCollaboratorsModule': {'leadSponsor': {'name': 'National Taiwan Normal University', 'class': 'OTHER'}, 'responsibleParty': {'type': 'PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR', 'investigatorTitle': 'Professor', 'investigatorFullName': 'Yu-Kai Chang', 'investigatorAffiliation': 'National Taiwan Normal University'}}}}