Ignite Creation Date:
2025-12-25 @ 2:19 AM
Ignite Modification Date:
2025-12-30 @ 10:48 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT00780234
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2019-04-11
First Post:
2008-10-24
Is Gene Therapy:
True
Has Adverse Events:
True
Brief Title:
Pioglitazone for Lung Cancer Chemoprevention
Sponsor:
Organization:
Raw JSON
{'hasResults': True, 'derivedSection': {'miscInfoModule': {'versionHolder': '2025-12-24'}, 'conditionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D008175', 'term': 'Lung Neoplasms'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D012142', 'term': 'Respiratory Tract Neoplasms'}, {'id': 'D013899', 'term': 'Thoracic Neoplasms'}, {'id': 'D009371', 'term': 'Neoplasms by Site'}, {'id': 'D009369', 'term': 'Neoplasms'}, {'id': 'D008171', 'term': 'Lung Diseases'}, {'id': 'D012140', 'term': 'Respiratory Tract Diseases'}]}}, 'resultsSection': {'moreInfoModule': {'pointOfContact': {'email': 'robert.keith@ucdenver.edu', 'phone': '720-857-5120', 'title': 'Robert L. Keith, MD', 'organization': 'Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center'}, 'certainAgreement': {'piSponsorEmployee': True}}, 'adverseEventsModule': {'timeFrame': '4 years, 11 months', 'eventGroups': [{'id': 'EG000', 'title': 'Arm 1: Pioglitazone', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with pioglitazone\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest\n\nPIOGLITAZONE VS. PLACEBO 30 mg: Patients will be randomized to receive either pioglitazone or placebo. Pioglitazone hydrochloride, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent and a potent peroxisome proliferator-\n\nactivated receptor-gamma agonist. It is FDA approved for the treatment of Type II diabetes. It has been previously administered to non-diabetic subjects. The most common side effect of pioglitazone is fluid retention and modest weight gain. There is a potential risk that pioglitazone may cause an elevation in liver enzymes and more serious hepatotoxicity (rare). There is risk of edema and weight gain associated with pioglitazone therapy. 5% experienced peripheral edema in clinical trials.', 'otherNumAtRisk': 47, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 47, 'otherNumAffected': 44, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 47, 'deathsNumAffected': 1, 'seriousNumAffected': 3}, {'id': 'EG001', 'title': 'Arm 2: Placebo', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with placebo\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest', 'otherNumAtRisk': 45, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 45, 'otherNumAffected': 41, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 45, 'deathsNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAffected': 5}], 'otherEvents': [{'term': 'Hypophosphatemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 22}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 28}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hypertension', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 24}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 21}], 'organSystem': 'Cardiac disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Weight Gain', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 20}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 10}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hypocalcemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 13}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 9}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Anemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 11}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 9}], 'organSystem': 'Blood and lymphatic system disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Aspartate Aminotransferase Increased', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 11}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 8}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Edema Limbs', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 6}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 11}], 'organSystem': 'General disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hyperglycemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 4}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 12}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hypoglycemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 8}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 3}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Bronchial Infection', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 6}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'GGT Increased', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 4}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 7}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Alanine Aminotransferase Increased', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 6}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Cough', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 5}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 5}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'White Blood Cell Decreased', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 6}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 3}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Productive Cough', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 5}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Sinus Tachycardia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 5}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'Cardiac disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hypokalemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 2}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 5}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Non-Cardiac Chest Pain', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 4}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 2}], 'organSystem': 'General disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Sore Throat', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 4}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 2}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Dyspnea', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 2}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Fever', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 2}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'General disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Platelet Count Decreased', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 2}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 4}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Vomiting', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 3}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 2}], 'organSystem': 'Gastrointestinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Wheezing', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 3}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 2}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Alkaline Phosphatase Increased', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 2}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 3}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Fatigue', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 2}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 3}], 'organSystem': 'General disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Dizziness', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 4}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Nervous system disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Allergic Rhinitis', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 3}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Myalgia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 3}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hypoalbuminemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 1}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 3}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hyperkalemia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numAffected': 3}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}], 'seriousEvents': [{'term': 'Alcohol Intolerance', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Metabolism and nutrition disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Cardiac disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Bronchial Infection', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Depression', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Psychiatric disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Edema Limbs', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'General disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Fever', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'General disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Heart Failure', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Cardiac disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Hypertension', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Cardiac disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Pleuritic Pain', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Pneumonitis', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 2, 'numAffected': 2}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Skin Infection', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Suicidal Ideation', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}], 'organSystem': 'Psychiatric disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Syncope', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Nervous system disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Weight Gain', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Investigations', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}, {'term': 'Wheezing', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 47, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 45, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders', 'assessmentType': 'SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT', 'sourceVocabulary': 'CTCAE (4.0)'}], 'frequencyThreshold': '5'}, 'outcomeMeasuresModule': {'outcomeMeasures': [{'type': 'PRIMARY', 'title': '6-month Histology Score', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '15', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '14', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Arm 1: Pioglitazone', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with pioglitazone\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest\n\nPIOGLITAZONE VS. PLACEBO 30 mg: Patients will be randomized to receive either pioglitazone or placebo. Pioglitazone hydrochloride, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent and a potent peroxisome proliferator-\n\nactivated receptor-gamma agonist. It is FDA approved for the treatment of Type II diabetes. It has been previously administered to non-diabetic subjects. The most common side effect of pioglitazone is fluid retention and modest weight gain. There is a potential risk that pioglitazone may cause an elevation in liver enzymes and more serious hepatotoxicity (rare). There is risk of edema and weight gain associated with pioglitazone therapy. 5% experienced peripheral edema in clinical trials.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Arm 2: Placebo', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with placebo\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '3.07', 'spread': '2.02', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '3.71', 'spread': '2.02', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}], 'analyses': [{'pValue': '0.53', 'groupIds': ['OG000', 'OG001'], 'paramType': 'Regression model parameter (α1)', 'ciNumSides': 'TWO_SIDED', 'ciPctValue': '95', 'paramValue': '-0.40', 'ciLowerLimit': '-1.68', 'ciUpperLimit': '0.89', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_ERROR_OF_MEAN', 'dispersionValue': '0.63', 'groupDescription': 'The hypotheses tested were:\n\nH0: α1 = 0 vs H1: α1 \\~= 0', 'statisticalMethod': 'Regression, Linear', 'nonInferiorityType': 'OTHER', 'statisticalComment': 'The estimates of treatment effect were adjusted for baseline histology values.', 'otherAnalysisDescription': 'The hypothesis test was a 2-sided t-test of the effect of group (i.e. the difference between the pioglitazone and placebo groups). The general form of the model is Y = α0 + α1GROUP + α2BASELINE. Y represents the 6-month value of the dependent variable (summary of the histology), GROUP represents a classification variable for the treatment group (1=pioglitazone, 2=placebo), BASELINE represents the value of the outcome measure at baseline, and α0, α1 and α2 represent the parameter estimates from the general linear model. The test of the difference between groups will be the formal test of significance of the α1 parameter.'}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'timeFrame': '6 months', 'description': 'Biopsies were classified into one of the following 8 World Health Organization defined categories to classify the endobronchial lesion and assign a score according to the following scale: 1 = normal bronchial epithelium; 2 = reserve cell hyperplasia; 3 = squamous metaplasia without atypia; 4 = mild dysplasia; 5 = moderate dysplasia; 6 = severe dysplasia; 7 = carcinoma in situ (CIS); and 8 = invasive carcinoma. 1 represents the best outcome and 8 represents the worst outcome.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Units on a scale', 'dispersionType': 'Standard Deviation', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED', 'populationDescription': 'Although 76 subjects had a 6-month bronchoscopy (39 pioglitazone, 37 placebo), only 64 subjects (34 pioglitazone, 30 placebo) had matched biopsy pairs with non-normal tissue at baseline. Of these 64, 29 were former smokers (15 pioglitazone, 14 placebo), which was the a priori group for the primary analysis.'}]}, 'participantFlowModule': {'groups': [{'id': 'FG000', 'title': 'Arm 1: Pioglitazone', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with pioglitazone.\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution chest CT scan\n\nPIOGLITAZONE VS. PLACEBO 30 mg: Patients will be randomized to receive either pioglitazone or placebo. Pioglitazone hydrochloride, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent and a potent peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-gamma agonist.'}, {'id': 'FG001', 'title': 'Arm 2: Placebo', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with placebo\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest'}], 'periods': [{'title': 'Overall Study', 'milestones': [{'type': 'STARTED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '47'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '45'}]}, {'type': 'COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '39'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '37'}]}, {'type': 'NOT COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '8'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '8'}]}]}], 'recruitmentDetails': '243 subjects were consented to provide a pre-screening sputum cytology specimen, and of those, 92 enrolled onto full trial.', 'preAssignmentDetails': '243 subjects were consented to provide a pre-screening sputum cytology specimen, and of those, 92 enrolled onto full trial.'}, 'baselineCharacteristicsModule': {'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '47', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '45', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '92', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'BG000', 'title': 'Arm 1: Pioglitazone', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with pioglitazone\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest\n\nPIOGLITAZONE VS. PLACEBO 30 mg: Patients will be randomized to receive either pioglitazone or placebo. Pioglitazone hydrochloride, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent and a potent peroxisome proliferator-\n\nactivated receptor-gamma agonist. It is FDA approved for the treatment of Type II diabetes. It has been previously administered to non-diabetic subjects. The most common side effect of pioglitazone is fluid retention and modest weight gain. There is a potential risk that pioglitazone may cause an elevation in liver enzymes and more serious hepatotoxicity (rare). There is risk of edema and weight gain associated with pioglitazone therapy. 5% experienced peripheral edema in clinical trials.'}, {'id': 'BG001', 'title': 'Arm 2: Placebo', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with placebo\n\nfluorescence bronchoscopy: examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.\n\nquantitative high resolution CT scan: High resolution CT scan of the chest'}, {'id': 'BG002', 'title': 'Total', 'description': 'Total of all reporting groups'}], 'measures': [{'title': 'Age, Continuous', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '58.6', 'spread': '9.6', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '62.6', 'spread': '8.2', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '60.5', 'spread': '9.1', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'years', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Sex: Female, Male', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'Female', 'measurements': [{'value': '8', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '7', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '15', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Male', 'measurements': [{'value': '39', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '38', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '77', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Race/Ethnicity, Customized', 'classes': [{'title': 'Ethnicity/Race', 'categories': [{'title': 'Hispanic', 'measurements': [{'value': '4', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '2', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '6', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Non-Hispanic White', 'measurements': [{'value': '41', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '36', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '77', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Non-Hispanic Black', 'measurements': [{'value': '2', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '6', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '8', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Non-Hispanic American Indian', 'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '1', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '1', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}]}}, 'protocolSection': {'designModule': {'phases': ['PHASE2'], 'studyType': 'INTERVENTIONAL', 'designInfo': {'allocation': 'RANDOMIZED', 'maskingInfo': {'masking': 'QUADRUPLE', 'whoMasked': ['PARTICIPANT', 'CARE_PROVIDER', 'INVESTIGATOR', 'OUTCOMES_ASSESSOR']}, 'primaryPurpose': 'PREVENTION', 'interventionModel': 'PARALLEL'}, 'enrollmentInfo': {'type': 'ACTUAL', 'count': 92}}, 'statusModule': {'overallStatus': 'COMPLETED', 'startDateStruct': {'date': '2009-08', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'expandedAccessInfo': {'hasExpandedAccess': False}, 'statusVerifiedDate': '2019-04', 'completionDateStruct': {'date': '2017-08', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'lastUpdateSubmitDate': '2019-04-10', 'studyFirstSubmitDate': '2008-10-24', 'resultsFirstSubmitDate': '2018-12-20', 'studyFirstSubmitQcDate': '2008-10-24', 'lastUpdatePostDateStruct': {'date': '2019-04-11', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstSubmitQcDate': '2019-04-10', 'studyFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2008-10-27', 'type': 'ESTIMATED'}, 'resultsFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2019-04-11', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'primaryCompletionDateStruct': {'date': '2016-06', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}}, 'outcomesModule': {'primaryOutcomes': [{'measure': '6-month Histology Score', 'timeFrame': '6 months', 'description': 'Biopsies were classified into one of the following 8 World Health Organization defined categories to classify the endobronchial lesion and assign a score according to the following scale: 1 = normal bronchial epithelium; 2 = reserve cell hyperplasia; 3 = squamous metaplasia without atypia; 4 = mild dysplasia; 5 = moderate dysplasia; 6 = severe dysplasia; 7 = carcinoma in situ (CIS); and 8 = invasive carcinoma. 1 represents the best outcome and 8 represents the worst outcome.'}]}, 'oversightModule': {'oversightHasDmc': True}, 'conditionsModule': {'keywords': ['chemoprevention', 'lung cancer', 'pioglitazone'], 'conditions': ['Lung Cancer', 'Endobronchial Dysplasia']}, 'referencesModule': {'seeAlsoLinks': [{'url': 'http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636546', 'label': 'Oral iloprost improves endobronchial dysplasia in former smokers'}]}, 'descriptionModule': {'briefSummary': 'This is a chemoprevention trial evaluating the diabetic agent pioglitazone. Non-diabetic subjects at risk for lung cancer (based on smoking history, lung function testing, and atypical cells in a sputum sample) receive either placebo or pioglitazone and have chest computerized tomography (CAT) scans and examinations of their airways with a bronchoscope at the start of the trial and after 6 months on treatment. Compensation will be provided to the subject after completing the trial.', 'detailedDescription': 'This trial evaluates the oral peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist pioglitazone in a double-blind placebo controlled trial. The high risk current and former smokers qualify based on tobacco exposure, airflow limitation on lung function testing, and sputum cytologic atypia. Subjects have a quantitative high resolution thoracic CT scan and a fluorescent bronchoscopy at study entry and after 6 months on drug or placebo. Biologic samples are collected at both time points. The primary outcome is endobronchial histology and determining if pioglitazone can retard progression. Secondary endpoints related to the PPAR gamma signaling pathway will also be analyzed.'}, 'eligibilityModule': {'sex': 'ALL', 'stdAges': ['ADULT', 'OLDER_ADULT'], 'minimumAge': '18 Years', 'healthyVolunteers': False, 'eligibilityCriteria': 'Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Current or former smoker (at least 10 pack years);\n* One or more of the following:\n* Mild or worse sputum atypia\n* Airflow Limitation (FEV1/FVC\\<70% predicted)\n* Biopsy proven airway dysplasia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* myocardial infarction (MI) with ejection fraction \\< 50%;\n* severe/unstable angina;\n* history of coronary or peripheral arterial bypass grafting;\n* New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure;\n* hypoxemia (less than POX 90 with supplemental oxygen); Diabetes type I or II; severe COPD (GOLD stage III or IV); clinically significant edema requiring diuretic therapy;\n* life expectancy \\< 6 months; history of bladder cancer\n* pregnant or breast feeding; inability to give informed consent'}, 'identificationModule': {'nctId': 'NCT00780234', 'briefTitle': 'Pioglitazone for Lung Cancer Chemoprevention', 'organization': {'class': 'FED', 'fullName': 'VA Office of Research and Development'}, 'officialTitle': 'Pioglitazone for Lung Cancer Chemoprevention', 'orgStudyIdInfo': {'id': 'CLIN-005-08S'}}, 'armsInterventionsModule': {'armGroups': [{'type': 'EXPERIMENTAL', 'label': 'Arm 1: pioglitazone', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with pioglitazone', 'interventionNames': ['Procedure: fluorescence bronchoscopy', 'Procedure: quantitative high resolution CT scan', 'Drug: PIOGLITAZONE VS. PLACEBO 30 mg']}, {'type': 'PLACEBO_COMPARATOR', 'label': 'Arm 2: placebo', 'description': 'Current or former smokers receive 6 months of treatment with placebo', 'interventionNames': ['Procedure: fluorescence bronchoscopy', 'Procedure: quantitative high resolution CT scan']}], 'interventions': [{'name': 'fluorescence bronchoscopy', 'type': 'PROCEDURE', 'description': 'examination of the central airways with a bronchoscope. Both white light and fluorescent light will be used.', 'armGroupLabels': ['Arm 1: pioglitazone', 'Arm 2: placebo']}, {'name': 'quantitative high resolution CT scan', 'type': 'PROCEDURE', 'description': 'High resolution CT scan of the chest', 'armGroupLabels': ['Arm 1: pioglitazone', 'Arm 2: placebo']}, {'name': 'PIOGLITAZONE VS. PLACEBO 30 mg', 'type': 'DRUG', 'description': 'Patients will be randomized to receive either pioglitazone or placebo. Pioglitazone hydrochloride, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent and a potent peroxisome proliferator-\n\nactivated receptor-gamma agonist. It is FDA approved for the treatment of Type II diabetes. It has been previously administered to non-diabetic subjects. The most common side effect of pioglitazone is fluid retention and modest weight gain. There is a potential risk that pioglitazone may cause an elevation in liver enzymes and more serious hepatotoxicity (rare). There is risk of edema and weight gain associated with pioglitazone therapy. 5% experienced peripheral edema in clinical trials. fluid retention may result in new onset heart failure or exacerbation of existing heart failure. Small risk of hypoglycemia, anemia, myalgia, bone fracture, headache, and macular retinal edema exists. There is insufficient information to confirm its safety in Pregnancy/Breastfeeding. Bladder cancer is more serious but rare.', 'armGroupLabels': ['Arm 1: pioglitazone']}]}, 'contactsLocationsModule': {'locations': [{'zip': '80220', 'city': 'Denver', 'state': 'Colorado', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 39.73915, 'lon': -104.9847}}, {'zip': '37212-2637', 'city': 'Nashville', 'state': 'Tennessee', 'country': 'United States', 'facility': 'Tennessee Valley Healthcare System Nashville Campus, Nashville, TN', 'geoPoint': {'lat': 36.16589, 'lon': -86.78444}}], 'overallOfficials': [{'name': 'Robert L. Keith, MD', 'role': 'PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR', 'affiliation': 'VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO'}]}, 'ipdSharingStatementModule': {'ipdSharing': 'NO'}, 'sponsorCollaboratorsModule': {'leadSponsor': {'name': 'VA Office of Research and Development', 'class': 'FED'}, 'responsibleParty': {'type': 'SPONSOR'}}}}