Ignite Creation Date:
2024-05-06 @ 6:08 PM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 2:42 PM
Study NCT ID:
NCT05554627
Status:
WITHDRAWN
Last Update Posted:
2024-01-05
First Post:
2022-09-21
Brief Title:
VA Aripiprazole vs Esketamine for Treatment Resistant Depression
Sponsor:
VA Office of Research and Development
Organization:
VA Office of Research and Development
Study Overview
Official Title:
VA Aripiprazole vs Esketamine for Treatment of Depression VAST-D II
Status:
WITHDRAWN
Status Verified Date:
2024-01
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Study funding was withdrawn by study sponsor CSRD prior to enrollment due to budget constraints
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
VAST-D II
Brief Summary:
This is an open-label parallel-group randomized clinical trial of up to 6 months treatment of adjunctive intranasal IN esketamine ESK vs adjunctive aripiprazole ARI in Veterans with unipolar Treatment Resistant Depression TRD This study will assess the efficacy safety and acceptability of adjunctive IN ESK in comparison to ARI one of the best studied and most widely used adjunctive therapies for TRD The primary hypothesis is that participants receiving adjunctive IN ESK will be significantly more likely to achieve remission after six weeks of treatment as compared to those who receive adjunctive ARI Depressive symptoms will be assessed by central raters CR blinded to treatment assignment using the clinician rated version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology QIDS-C16 a well-validated tool that is commonly used and is easily translated across other depression inventory scales The study is powered to detect an absolute difference in remission rates of 10 or larger at 6 weeks Additional outcomes of interest include symptom reduction across 6 months of randomized therapy side effects and other tolerability indices attrition rates and measures of quality of life and cost-effectiveness
Detailed Description:
OVERVIEW This is an open-label parallel-group randomized clinical trial of up to 6 months treatment of adjunctive intranasal IN esketamine ESK vs adjunctive aripiprazole ARI in Veterans with unipolar Treatment Resistant Depression TRD This study will assess the efficacy safety and acceptability of adjunctive IN ESK in comparison to ARI one of the best studied and most widely used adjunctive therapies for TRD The primary hypothesis is that participants receiving adjunctive IN ESK will be significantly more likely to achieve remission after six weeks of treatment as compared to those who receive adjunctive ARI Depressive symptoms will be assessed by central raters CR blinded to treatment assignment using the clinician rated version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology QIDS-C16 a well-validated tool that is commonly used and is easily translated across other depression inventory scales The study is powered to detect an absolute difference in remission rates of 10 or larger at 6 weeks Additional outcomes of interest include symptom reduction across 6 months of randomized therapy side effects and other tolerability indices attrition rates and measures of quality of life and cost-effectiveness
BACKGROUND Among all medical mental health and substance related disorders Major Depressive Disorder MDD is a leading cause of disease burden worldwide MDD is a major cause of suffering and disability for those receiving their care from the Veterans Health Administration VHA Depression not only can have a ruinous effect on quality of life and economic productivity but also adversely effects health and reduces lifespan by 10 years About 23rds of those who die by suicide have a depressive disorder The best means to reduce the disease burden associated with MDD centers around prompt recognition and vigorous pharmacologic andor psychotherapeutic treatment Many reasonably safe antidepressants and effective forms of psychotherapy are available but about one-third of depressed patients do not respond to these therapies By regulatory convention the term TRD is used when a depressed patient has not responded to two or more adequate medication trials in the current episode So defined patients with TRD account for a disproportionately large share of treatment resources and despite such efforts are at the highest risk to become chronically ill develop a complicating substance abuse disorder andor die by suicide In response to the urgent need to test promising approaches to improve the outcomes of depressed Veterans in 2010 the VA Cooperative Studies Program initiated the VA Augmentation and Switching Treatments for Improving Depression Outcomes VAST-D study Focusing on the most promising strategies available at the time VAST-D enrolled 1522 patients who had failed to respond to their previous antidepressant treatment Participants were randomized to one of three strategies adjunctive ARI switching from their current antidepressant to bupropion or adding adjunctive bupropion The results of VAST-D published in JAMA in August 2017 showed that adjunctive ARI resulted in a significantly greater likelihood of remission as compared to switching to bupropion the group receiving adjunctive bupropion tended to have intermediate outcomes Secondary analyses of VAST-D demonstrated that the advantage of adjunctive ARI among 12-week remitters was sustained across up to six months of therapy and was evident whether or not patients had co-occurring PTSD The critical importance of VAST-D is that it was the first study to show any distinct advantage for any next step treatment of MDD over any other and thus raised the hope that additional improvements could be found
Separately a series of studies showed that intravenous infusions of the dissociative anesthetic ketamine could produce rapid antidepressant effects in a meaningful subset of patients with TRD Many patients begin to respond to infusions of sub-anesthetic doses of racemic ketamine ie 05 mgkg within 24 hours of administration and although the effects have been transient most patients experience 4-7 days of symptom relief with each infusion Although such off-label use of this Schedule III controlled substance has increased in the past decade it is still rarely used and issues pertaining to the feasibility of an infusion therapy in ambulatory psychiatric care settings and abiding concerns about the lack of well-controlled efficacy and safety data pertaining to longer term use have not been addressed Most recently the efficacy and safety of IN delivery of the s enantiomer of racemic ketamine aka esketamine ESK has been evaluated as a means to address these concerns The safety and efficacy of ESK was evaluated in a series of phase III studies that ultimately led to the recent approval by the US FDA of ESK Spravato for the treatment of TRD in adults The FDA evaluated ESK in the context of three 4-week placebo-controlled parallel-group studies Studies 3001 and 3002 in adults 18 to 65 years of age Study 3005 in patients 65 years or older and one longer-term randomized withdrawal study Study 3003 Long-term safety was also evaluated in a 12-month open-label safety study Study 3004 In aggregate the FDA determined that the available evidence provided substantial evidence of efficacy together with an acceptable risk profile Despite this important potential advance in the treatment of depression no study has evaluated the efficacy and safety of esketamine in a VA population No study has evaluated ESK in comparison to an alternative pharmacotherapy for TRD and no study has systematically examined outcomes and adverse effects for up to 6 months a critical need in a chronic illness
OBJECTIVE The aim of VAST-D II is to study the efficacy and safety of adjunctive IN ESK as a treatment option for patients with TRD Specifically this study is designed to assess the efficacy of adjunctive IN ESK in comparison to the best validated next step pharmacotherapy for Veterans with TRD namely adjunctive oral ARI The primary outcome is remission in a short-term acute treatment phase of six weeks The key secondary outcome is reduction in depressive symptoms from baseline to long-term follow-up of six months The extended follow-up period is also essential to collect important data on the effectiveness safety and acceptability of this novel treatment in the investigators patient population Exploratory outcomes include comparisons of symptom improvement remission rates and relapse rates after remission PTSD symptoms suicidality quality of life and cost-benefit analysis
RESEARCH PLAN 940 participants will be recruited from approximately 25 VA medical centers over an estimated 38 months with each participant being treated and followed for 6 months All participants will be screened for eligibility including MDD diagnosis TRD defined as at least two unsuccessful trials on a pharmacological antidepressant suicidal ideation SI levels current levels of substance abuse and stability of medical condition Otherwise the eligibility criteria are posed with an interest in capturing a largely representative sample
Participants will be randomized in a 11 ratio of equal allocation to either adjunctive ARI n470 or adjunctive IN ESK n470 stratified by participating site This study will be open-label where both the treating staff and the participant are unblinded to their treatment assignment but the primary outcome will be assessed via telehealth by blinded remote raters without knowledge of treatment assignment All participants will complete in person or telehealth follow-ups at weeks 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 18 and 24 The primary outcome will be remission at week 6 defined by a QIDS-C16 score 5 assessed by blinded-to-treatment raters remotely by telehealth
Based on the week 6 findings of VAST-D the investigators anticipate that about 16 of TRD patients will remit with adjunctive ARI The investigators predict that a 6-week course of adjunctive IN ESK will result in at least a 26 remission rate A total sample size of 940 participants will be required to test the hypothesis of a 10 absolute difference in proportions at 90 power given a two-sided type-I error 005 adjusting for crossovers and losses 25
IMPACT A major comparative efficacy study of adjunctive IN ESK vs the next best strategy adjunctive ARI in Veterans with TRD is urgently needed to identify the short and longer-term benefits and risks of esketamine and whether the overall gains are substantial enough to offset side effects drug and treatment-associated costs and patient burden incurred by the need for ESK dosing in a healthcare setting and subsequent on-site monitoring
BACKGROUND Among all medical mental health and substance related disorders Major Depressive Disorder MDD is a leading cause of disease burden worldwide MDD is a major cause of suffering and disability for those receiving their care from the Veterans Health Administration VHA Depression not only can have a ruinous effect on quality of life and economic productivity but also adversely effects health and reduces lifespan by 10 years About 23rds of those who die by suicide have a depressive disorder The best means to reduce the disease burden associated with MDD centers around prompt recognition and vigorous pharmacologic andor psychotherapeutic treatment Many reasonably safe antidepressants and effective forms of psychotherapy are available but about one-third of depressed patients do not respond to these therapies By regulatory convention the term TRD is used when a depressed patient has not responded to two or more adequate medication trials in the current episode So defined patients with TRD account for a disproportionately large share of treatment resources and despite such efforts are at the highest risk to become chronically ill develop a complicating substance abuse disorder andor die by suicide In response to the urgent need to test promising approaches to improve the outcomes of depressed Veterans in 2010 the VA Cooperative Studies Program initiated the VA Augmentation and Switching Treatments for Improving Depression Outcomes VAST-D study Focusing on the most promising strategies available at the time VAST-D enrolled 1522 patients who had failed to respond to their previous antidepressant treatment Participants were randomized to one of three strategies adjunctive ARI switching from their current antidepressant to bupropion or adding adjunctive bupropion The results of VAST-D published in JAMA in August 2017 showed that adjunctive ARI resulted in a significantly greater likelihood of remission as compared to switching to bupropion the group receiving adjunctive bupropion tended to have intermediate outcomes Secondary analyses of VAST-D demonstrated that the advantage of adjunctive ARI among 12-week remitters was sustained across up to six months of therapy and was evident whether or not patients had co-occurring PTSD The critical importance of VAST-D is that it was the first study to show any distinct advantage for any next step treatment of MDD over any other and thus raised the hope that additional improvements could be found
Separately a series of studies showed that intravenous infusions of the dissociative anesthetic ketamine could produce rapid antidepressant effects in a meaningful subset of patients with TRD Many patients begin to respond to infusions of sub-anesthetic doses of racemic ketamine ie 05 mgkg within 24 hours of administration and although the effects have been transient most patients experience 4-7 days of symptom relief with each infusion Although such off-label use of this Schedule III controlled substance has increased in the past decade it is still rarely used and issues pertaining to the feasibility of an infusion therapy in ambulatory psychiatric care settings and abiding concerns about the lack of well-controlled efficacy and safety data pertaining to longer term use have not been addressed Most recently the efficacy and safety of IN delivery of the s enantiomer of racemic ketamine aka esketamine ESK has been evaluated as a means to address these concerns The safety and efficacy of ESK was evaluated in a series of phase III studies that ultimately led to the recent approval by the US FDA of ESK Spravato for the treatment of TRD in adults The FDA evaluated ESK in the context of three 4-week placebo-controlled parallel-group studies Studies 3001 and 3002 in adults 18 to 65 years of age Study 3005 in patients 65 years or older and one longer-term randomized withdrawal study Study 3003 Long-term safety was also evaluated in a 12-month open-label safety study Study 3004 In aggregate the FDA determined that the available evidence provided substantial evidence of efficacy together with an acceptable risk profile Despite this important potential advance in the treatment of depression no study has evaluated the efficacy and safety of esketamine in a VA population No study has evaluated ESK in comparison to an alternative pharmacotherapy for TRD and no study has systematically examined outcomes and adverse effects for up to 6 months a critical need in a chronic illness
OBJECTIVE The aim of VAST-D II is to study the efficacy and safety of adjunctive IN ESK as a treatment option for patients with TRD Specifically this study is designed to assess the efficacy of adjunctive IN ESK in comparison to the best validated next step pharmacotherapy for Veterans with TRD namely adjunctive oral ARI The primary outcome is remission in a short-term acute treatment phase of six weeks The key secondary outcome is reduction in depressive symptoms from baseline to long-term follow-up of six months The extended follow-up period is also essential to collect important data on the effectiveness safety and acceptability of this novel treatment in the investigators patient population Exploratory outcomes include comparisons of symptom improvement remission rates and relapse rates after remission PTSD symptoms suicidality quality of life and cost-benefit analysis
RESEARCH PLAN 940 participants will be recruited from approximately 25 VA medical centers over an estimated 38 months with each participant being treated and followed for 6 months All participants will be screened for eligibility including MDD diagnosis TRD defined as at least two unsuccessful trials on a pharmacological antidepressant suicidal ideation SI levels current levels of substance abuse and stability of medical condition Otherwise the eligibility criteria are posed with an interest in capturing a largely representative sample
Participants will be randomized in a 11 ratio of equal allocation to either adjunctive ARI n470 or adjunctive IN ESK n470 stratified by participating site This study will be open-label where both the treating staff and the participant are unblinded to their treatment assignment but the primary outcome will be assessed via telehealth by blinded remote raters without knowledge of treatment assignment All participants will complete in person or telehealth follow-ups at weeks 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 18 and 24 The primary outcome will be remission at week 6 defined by a QIDS-C16 score 5 assessed by blinded-to-treatment raters remotely by telehealth
Based on the week 6 findings of VAST-D the investigators anticipate that about 16 of TRD patients will remit with adjunctive ARI The investigators predict that a 6-week course of adjunctive IN ESK will result in at least a 26 remission rate A total sample size of 940 participants will be required to test the hypothesis of a 10 absolute difference in proportions at 90 power given a two-sided type-I error 005 adjusting for crossovers and losses 25
IMPACT A major comparative efficacy study of adjunctive IN ESK vs the next best strategy adjunctive ARI in Veterans with TRD is urgently needed to identify the short and longer-term benefits and risks of esketamine and whether the overall gains are substantial enough to offset side effects drug and treatment-associated costs and patient burden incurred by the need for ESK dosing in a healthcare setting and subsequent on-site monitoring
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
True
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
False
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
False
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?:
None