Ignite Creation Date:
2024-05-06 @ 3:11 AM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 11:29 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT02229500
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2016-04-28
First Post:
2014-08-28
Brief Title:
Investigating Optimal Propionate Delivery to the Colon Using Stable Isotope Labeling
Sponsor:
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre
Organization:
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre
Study Overview
Official Title:
Regulating Appetite by Targeting Nutrient Delivery in the Gut
Status:
COMPLETED
Status Verified Date:
2016-04
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
None
Brief Summary:
Obesity with its associated co-morbidities is a major public health challenge It is estimated that by 2050 60 of men and 50 of women will be clinically obese Obesity is associated with increased risk of developing diabetes cardiovascular disease and certain cancers The increasing epidemic of obesity has necessitated the study of the complex mechanisms underlying energy homeostasis Food intake energy balance and body weight are tightly regulated by the hypothalamus brainstem and reward circuits on the basis both of cognitive inputs and of diverse humoral and neuronal signals of nutritional status Several gut hormones including glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP-1 and peptide YY3-36 PYY have been shown to play an important role in regulating short-term food intake Peripheral administration of PYY or GLP-1 enhances satiety and reduces food intake in animals and man PYY GLP-1 along with a host of other hormones are produced by the gut in response to nutrient availability in different regions of the gut and provide an exquisite mechanism of nutrient sensing in response to dietary intake These hormones therefore represent potential targets in the development of novel anti-obesity treatments A novel and attractive strategy to induce appetite regulation is the enrichment of foods with components that stimulate the release of GLP-1 and PYY The short chain fatty acids SCFA produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fibre in the colon have been shown to stimulate the release of PYY and GLP-1 from rodent enteroendocrine L cells via stimulation of the G-protein coupled free fatty acid receptors FFAR on colonic L cells Of the SCFAs produced by colonic fermentation of dietary fibre propionate has the highest affinity for FFAR 2 Furthermore propionate is an end product of bacterial metabolism and thus unlike acetate does not undergo conversion to other SCFAs Increasing colonic propionate is therefore an attractive target for appetite modulation
We have developed a novel delivery system for delivering propionate to the right site in the colon and we now wish to optimise the delivery of propionate to the colon in man using stable isotope labelling methods
We have developed a novel delivery system for delivering propionate to the right site in the colon and we now wish to optimise the delivery of propionate to the colon in man using stable isotope labelling methods
Detailed Description:
The role of SCFA in appetite regulation SCFA have been shown to stimulate PYY and GLP-1 production in animal models and dietary fibre of which SCFA are the major end products induce appetite regulation in humans However the evidence underpinning which dietary fibres induce appetite regulation in humans is very weak because of the difficulty in controlling studies with very high fibre intake In a recent project funded under the BBSRC DRINC initiative BBH0048151 we have the first direct evidence that SCFA can directly regulate appetite in humans Prior to this study in order to achieve production of SCFA to a level which is high enough to induce appetite-regulating effects very large amounts of dietary fibre 25 gd and up to 40 gd are required and compliance with high fibre diets is poor due to gastrointestinal side effects Furthermore supplementing diets with mixed high fibre does not predictably or reliably increase colonic SCFA production or circulating levels of SCFA in all human populations because of the variability in gut microbial activity Finally orally administered SCFAs are not palatable and are rapidly absorbed in the small intestine where L cells are sparse In our studies to date we have focussed on the SCFA propionate because it has the highest affinity for the receptors and is an end product of metabolism in the microbiota and therefore seems the obvious target to manipulate to investigate the effects of SCFA on appetite regulation To overcome the unpalatably high levels of fermentable dietary fibre needed to significantly increase colonic propionate levels and the unpredictability in the production of the resulting SCFAs we have developed and tested a novel delivery system targeting the release of gram quantities of propionate in the proximal colon We estimate that our delivery system may lead to a 2-8 fold increase in colonic propionate a level very difficult to achieve through feeding a mixed fermentable fibre diet This level of propionate production might have been observed in ancestral diets and in parts of rural Africa where dietary fibre intake is very high We have also demonstrated that delivery system increases plasma propionate levels reduces food intake in acute studies of appetite and in a longer term study 24 weeks positive effects on food intake body composition glucose homeostasis circulating lipids cholesterol and liver function liver and visceral fat and weight management were observed However in these studies we pragmatically chose an preparation that could be produced at scale The amount of propionate released can be varied which in itself may affect the rate and amount of propionate released For an ingredient with the potential to be incorporated into a wide variety of foodstuffs we now wish to investigate the optimum delivery system preparation that delivers the maximal propionate dose in the least amount of material
We plan to use non-invasive stable isotope labelling methodologies to determine propionate bioavailability from a range of delivery system preparations in order to determine the optimum preparation for delivering maximal propionate to the proximal colon
We plan to use non-invasive stable isotope labelling methodologies to determine propionate bioavailability from a range of delivery system preparations in order to determine the optimum preparation for delivering maximal propionate to the proximal colon
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
None
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
None
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?:
None