Ignite Creation Date:
2024-05-06 @ 1:56 AM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 11:12 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT01935895
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2013-09-05
First Post:
2013-09-01
Brief Title:
Exercise and Blood Pressure Reactivity
Sponsor:
Universidade Federal do vale do São Francisco
Organization:
Universidade Federal do vale do São Francisco
Study Overview
Official Title:
Combined Exercise Circuit Session Acutely Attenuates Stress-Induced Blood Pressure Reactivity in Healthy Adults
Status:
COMPLETED
Status Verified Date:
2013-09
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
None
Brief Summary:
Introduction Daily stress levels of population are increasing over the last decades Frequent spouse to stress is considered an important risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases Other well documented risk factor for cardiovascular diseases is systemic hypertension which in turn has been related to elevated blood pressure reactivity BPR to stress The exacerbated BPR may suggest a poor autonomic modulation due to an elevated sympathetic tone condition that has been associated with medium to long-term cardiovascular complications Also some reports have demonstrated that individuals hyper-reactive to stress chronically increase their risk for psychological disorders such as anxiety irritability and frustration These feelings are associated to increased sympathetic tone induced chronic elevation in BP Although the hemodynamic benefits of aerobic and resistance exercises had been documented in a variety of reports5 the acute effects of the aforementioned exercise modes combined in a circuit method on post-exercise BP including the responses to cardiovascular stressor test need further investigations Objective To investigate the blood pressure BP responses to cardiovascular stressor test after a combined exercise circuit session at moderate intensity Methods Twenty individuals 10male10fem 33469years 702158kg 1704115cm 22368 body fat volunteered to randomly perform on different days 1 Exercise session consisting of 3-laps in a circuit model in the following sequence knee extension bench press knee flexion rowing in the prone squat shoulder press and 5-min of aerobic exercise at 75-85 of age-predicted maximum heart rate andor 13 in the Borg-Scale 6-20 The sets of resistance exercise were composed by 15 repetitions with 50 of one repetition maximum test and 2 a control session without exercise The systolic blood pressure SBP and diastolic blood pressure DBP were measured at resting and during 1h of recovery in both experimental sessions After that blood pressure reactivity BPR was evaluated using the Cold Pressor Test a test with hand in the cold water during one minute The hypotheses are that after doing the exercise session occur attenuation of blood pressure increase during the Cold Pressor Test compared to sitting without exercise control session
Detailed Description:
Subjects
- Twenty apparently healthy individuals of both genders 10 men and 10 women with a mean age of 33469 years 24 - 50 years weight of 702158 kg 45 - 96 kg height of 1704115 cm 149 - 192 cm body mass index BMI of 23935 kgm2-1 192 - 237 kgm2-1 and percent body fat of 22368 85 - 350 volunteered for participation The classification of the subjects in apparently healthy was performed by the risk stratification criteria of the American College of Sports Medicine in 1995 interview with signs symptoms andor cardiopulmonary risk factors No subject was using any medication and had no history of diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic disease
The study was conducted in accordance to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Committe CEDEP - COMITÊ DE ÉTICA E DEONTOLOGIA EM ESTUDOS E PESQUISAS Petrolina-PE protocol 00470441000-10 All participants were informed on the experimental methods before giving written consent
Anthropometric Assessment
- Standard procedures were used to measure weight height and body mass index BMI Body density was determined with specifications by Jackson Pollock16 for men 11093800 - 00008267 sum of skinfolds of the chest abdomen and thigh 00000016 sum of skinfolds of the chest abdomen and thigh2 - 00002574 age and Jackson et al17 for women 10994921 - 00009929 sum of skinfolds of the triceps suprailiac and thigh 00000023 sum of skinfolds of the triceps suprailiac and thigh2 - 00001392 age Body fat percentage was derived from Siri equation 491 density - 45 100
Blood Pressure Measurement
- All BP measurements were performed by the same trained technician through the auscultatory method following previously described recommendations18 using a stethoscope Duo Sonic Brazil and a calibrated sphygmomanometer Missouri São Paulo SP Brazil certified by Inmetro National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Measurements were taken at the left arm with the individual comfortably seated in a calm and controlled room temperature at 25o C The auscultatory procedures were ensured against an automated and previously validated19 oscillometric method Microlife BP 3AC1-1 USA Briefly 30 independent individuals another sample of individuals of both genders rested for ten minutes and had BP randomly measured through both auscultatory and oscilometric methods being the last blinded conducted by another evaluator Correlations between methods were r090 p0001 for systolic blood pressure SBP and r080 p0001 for diastolic blood pressure DBP Also agreement between methods was examined using the Bland Altman20 procedure Mean differences were 39 mmHg 202-124 mmHg and -34 mmHg 105-173 mmHg for SBP and DBP respectively
Blood Pressure Reactivity BPR Assessment
- BPR measurements were performed using the Cold Pressor Test CPT according to specifications previously described by Hines Brow3 These authors had demonstrated the high reproducibility of the procedure for both normotensive and hypertensive individuals The protocol consisted of one minute immersion of the right hand in water carefully kept at 4º C Incoterm Porto Alegre RS BP measurements were respectively taken 30 and 60 seconds of immersion through the auscultatory method The two BP values were respectively named Peak30 and Peak60 and the procedure is considered as an index of BPR BP was also measured two minutes after the immersion cessation After2 Of note the adoption of the auscultatory method for BP evaluation was due to the requirement of measurements at 30 and 60 seconds what would not be possible using the automated oscillometric device
Experimental Sessions
- Volunteers randomly underwent two experimental sessions on different days and separated by 48 to 72 hours The combined exercise session consisting of 3 laps in a circuit model with two minutes recovery among laps performing each of the following resistance and aerobic exercises knee extension bench press knee flexion rowing in the prone squat shoulder press and five minutes of up to down in a 15 centimeters high step between 75-85 heart rate maximum andor 13 in the rate of perceived exertion RPE of Borg Scale score of 6 to 20 points21 Resistance exercise loads were implemented using dumbbells to upper body exercises and weights attached on the legs and arms to lower body exercises Each resistance exercise was performed in 15 repetitions with the estimative of 50 of one repetition maximum test as suggested by Tiggemann et al2223 with the utilization of RPE21 One second for the concentric phase and one second for the eccentric phase to resistance exercise were performed with rhythmic control Metronome Plus The control session was conducted under the same conditions of the combined exercise session with the exception that subjects did not perform exercises
Measurements during the Experimental Sessions
- Resting SBP DBP and mean arterial pressure MAP measurements were taken at each five minutes interval during 20 minutes and the average was considered for the analyses Missouri São Paulo SP Brazil Also BP was measured after each circuit lap and at each 15 minutes intervals of post-exercise recovery during one hour The same timeline and measures were followed during the control session The CPT was conducted before each session after 20 minutes of rest and one hour after the combined exercise and control sessions Heart Rate HR was also measured during each exercise and at the respective moment in the control session Pulse Tronic Club Trainer Direction Technology CoSuiça The HR measurements were considered for aerobic exercise control and identification of the cardiovascular load imposed by the experimental sessions RPE was taken during the combined exercise session for control of exercise intensity and the mean value considered for subsequent analyses
Statistical Analyses
Data are presented using descriptive statistics with procedures of mean standard deviation as well as lowest and maximum values The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify and present normality of data distribution Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between resting BP measured through the different methods ie auscultatory and oscillometric as well as BPR in the different moments and the BP response during and after exercise and control sessions The Bland Altman20 technique was conducted to verify agreement between the two BP measurement methods Paired-samples t test was used to compare data for correspondent moments of experimental sessions A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare BP and BPR responses within and between experimental sessions Time Pre vs Post Session Exercise vs Control Data were considered significant at P 005 and statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS150 software SPSS Chicago IL
- Twenty apparently healthy individuals of both genders 10 men and 10 women with a mean age of 33469 years 24 - 50 years weight of 702158 kg 45 - 96 kg height of 1704115 cm 149 - 192 cm body mass index BMI of 23935 kgm2-1 192 - 237 kgm2-1 and percent body fat of 22368 85 - 350 volunteered for participation The classification of the subjects in apparently healthy was performed by the risk stratification criteria of the American College of Sports Medicine in 1995 interview with signs symptoms andor cardiopulmonary risk factors No subject was using any medication and had no history of diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic disease
The study was conducted in accordance to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Committe CEDEP - COMITÊ DE ÉTICA E DEONTOLOGIA EM ESTUDOS E PESQUISAS Petrolina-PE protocol 00470441000-10 All participants were informed on the experimental methods before giving written consent
Anthropometric Assessment
- Standard procedures were used to measure weight height and body mass index BMI Body density was determined with specifications by Jackson Pollock16 for men 11093800 - 00008267 sum of skinfolds of the chest abdomen and thigh 00000016 sum of skinfolds of the chest abdomen and thigh2 - 00002574 age and Jackson et al17 for women 10994921 - 00009929 sum of skinfolds of the triceps suprailiac and thigh 00000023 sum of skinfolds of the triceps suprailiac and thigh2 - 00001392 age Body fat percentage was derived from Siri equation 491 density - 45 100
Blood Pressure Measurement
- All BP measurements were performed by the same trained technician through the auscultatory method following previously described recommendations18 using a stethoscope Duo Sonic Brazil and a calibrated sphygmomanometer Missouri São Paulo SP Brazil certified by Inmetro National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Measurements were taken at the left arm with the individual comfortably seated in a calm and controlled room temperature at 25o C The auscultatory procedures were ensured against an automated and previously validated19 oscillometric method Microlife BP 3AC1-1 USA Briefly 30 independent individuals another sample of individuals of both genders rested for ten minutes and had BP randomly measured through both auscultatory and oscilometric methods being the last blinded conducted by another evaluator Correlations between methods were r090 p0001 for systolic blood pressure SBP and r080 p0001 for diastolic blood pressure DBP Also agreement between methods was examined using the Bland Altman20 procedure Mean differences were 39 mmHg 202-124 mmHg and -34 mmHg 105-173 mmHg for SBP and DBP respectively
Blood Pressure Reactivity BPR Assessment
- BPR measurements were performed using the Cold Pressor Test CPT according to specifications previously described by Hines Brow3 These authors had demonstrated the high reproducibility of the procedure for both normotensive and hypertensive individuals The protocol consisted of one minute immersion of the right hand in water carefully kept at 4º C Incoterm Porto Alegre RS BP measurements were respectively taken 30 and 60 seconds of immersion through the auscultatory method The two BP values were respectively named Peak30 and Peak60 and the procedure is considered as an index of BPR BP was also measured two minutes after the immersion cessation After2 Of note the adoption of the auscultatory method for BP evaluation was due to the requirement of measurements at 30 and 60 seconds what would not be possible using the automated oscillometric device
Experimental Sessions
- Volunteers randomly underwent two experimental sessions on different days and separated by 48 to 72 hours The combined exercise session consisting of 3 laps in a circuit model with two minutes recovery among laps performing each of the following resistance and aerobic exercises knee extension bench press knee flexion rowing in the prone squat shoulder press and five minutes of up to down in a 15 centimeters high step between 75-85 heart rate maximum andor 13 in the rate of perceived exertion RPE of Borg Scale score of 6 to 20 points21 Resistance exercise loads were implemented using dumbbells to upper body exercises and weights attached on the legs and arms to lower body exercises Each resistance exercise was performed in 15 repetitions with the estimative of 50 of one repetition maximum test as suggested by Tiggemann et al2223 with the utilization of RPE21 One second for the concentric phase and one second for the eccentric phase to resistance exercise were performed with rhythmic control Metronome Plus The control session was conducted under the same conditions of the combined exercise session with the exception that subjects did not perform exercises
Measurements during the Experimental Sessions
- Resting SBP DBP and mean arterial pressure MAP measurements were taken at each five minutes interval during 20 minutes and the average was considered for the analyses Missouri São Paulo SP Brazil Also BP was measured after each circuit lap and at each 15 minutes intervals of post-exercise recovery during one hour The same timeline and measures were followed during the control session The CPT was conducted before each session after 20 minutes of rest and one hour after the combined exercise and control sessions Heart Rate HR was also measured during each exercise and at the respective moment in the control session Pulse Tronic Club Trainer Direction Technology CoSuiça The HR measurements were considered for aerobic exercise control and identification of the cardiovascular load imposed by the experimental sessions RPE was taken during the combined exercise session for control of exercise intensity and the mean value considered for subsequent analyses
Statistical Analyses
Data are presented using descriptive statistics with procedures of mean standard deviation as well as lowest and maximum values The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify and present normality of data distribution Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between resting BP measured through the different methods ie auscultatory and oscillometric as well as BPR in the different moments and the BP response during and after exercise and control sessions The Bland Altman20 technique was conducted to verify agreement between the two BP measurement methods Paired-samples t test was used to compare data for correspondent moments of experimental sessions A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare BP and BPR responses within and between experimental sessions Time Pre vs Post Session Exercise vs Control Data were considered significant at P 005 and statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS150 software SPSS Chicago IL
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
None
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
None
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?:
None
Secondary IDs
| Secondary ID | Type | Domain | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| proc 4743282010-4 | OTHER_GRANT | CNPq | None |