Ignite Creation Date:
2024-05-05 @ 10:05 AM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 9:04 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT00005306
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2016-04-14
First Post:
2000-05-25
Brief Title:
Natural History of Post-transfusion Non-A Non-B Hepatitis
Sponsor:
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute NHLBI
Organization:
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute NHLBI
Study Overview
Official Title:
None
Status:
COMPLETED
Status Verified Date:
2004-08
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
None
Brief Summary:
To compare the clinical biochemical and histological status of Non-A Non-B post-transfusion hepatitis patients with that of patients who did not develop post-transfusion hepatitis
Detailed Description:
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis following the transfusion of blood and blood products continues to be an important problem despite routine hepatitis surface antigen HBsAg screening of donor blood In the mid 1980s seven to ten percent of transfused individuals developed post-transfusion hepatitis PTH The majority of the cases were ascribed to the viruses of NANB hepatitis Because the viral agent or agents responsible for this disease had not been identified in 1988 it was not possible to prevent the illness There was evidence that the incidence of NANB PTH could be reduced by the use of volunteer donor blood instead of commercial blood Other measures in the absence of a specific test related to efforts to develop a surrogate test to screen donor blood The most promising approach in 1988 was to measure ALT activity and to exclude donors with increased levels of the enzyme The measurement of antihepatitis-B core antigen anti-HBc was another surrogate test that appeared to be useful Acute hepatitis caused by this agents is mild and often asymptomatic although in rare instances fulminant hepatitis may result and indeed may be associated with a higher mortality than that occurring in the course of acute hepatitis A or B
Of greater concern was the finding that chronic hepatitis appeared to be a common outcome of acute NANB PTH Chronic NANB hepatitis was defined as the presence of chronic liver disease in a patient who was negative for the serologic markers of hepatitis B virus hepatitis A virus cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus and who did not have a history of drug toxicity alcoholism or heart failure
It appeared likely that chronic liver disease occurred at least as commonly and perhaps more commonly following infection with the NANB viruses than with the hepatitis B virus Furthermore evidence suggested that the presumed serious histopathologic abnormalities of chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis were also more common
The chronic sequelae of NANB hepatitis infection may therefore be more important than the acute illness That information was of profound importance to blood bankers Because the most disturbing data had been derived primarily from isolated studies suggesting possible regional overtones or an effect of large volume transfusion it seemed appropriate to study the problem of chronic NANB hepatitis on a wider scale
DESIGN NARRATIVE
The design was that of a retrospective prospective study which followed two previously studied cohorts In Phase I evidence was presented that subjects in the Transfusion-Transmitted Virus Study and the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study of Post-transfusion Hepatitis could be located and their current status established Initiation of Phase II was dependent on successful completion of Phase I
In Phase II medical records of all individuals identified in Phase I were obtained The records were examined for clinical morbidity and mortality with particular attention given to liver-related abnormalities Death certificates were sought for deceased patients All surviving patients in the control and case groups were invited to participate and were re-evaluated and followed prospectively Controls were matched for age race gender and number of units of blood product received Initial re-evaluation consisted of a medical history physical examination and a series of biochemical tests for evidence of chronic liver disease In the initial evaluation survivors were compared for clinical evidence of chronic liver disease biochemical and special test evidence of chronic liver disease
In Phase III all subjects from both groups were followed for six months by biochemical screening including aminotransferase ALT and aspartate aminotransferase AST Enzyme assays were performed at least three times thirty days apart If aminotransferase activity was persistently abnormal a liver biopsy was performed The initial six month follow-up was designed to detect chronic liver disease Once evidence of chronic liver disease had been established those patients with chronic liver disease and controls were re-evaluated for evidence of liver disease at six-month intervals for three years from the initial visit
The study was renewed in 1993 in order to develop a protocol and manual of operations for continuation of the study on the long- term follow-up of transfusion-associated non-Anon-B NANB hepatitis to conduct annual National Death Index NDI searches for all cohort members who were alive or not located at last follow-up to obtain and code death certificates for all newly deceased and to collect and abstract medical records for all hospitalizations that occurred since the last follow-up for newly deceased subjects The searches were conducted to determine whether a mortality difference between the infected cohort and the controls would develop with longer observation as was suggested by the continued presence of chronic liver disease Each surviving member was contacted annually and medical records for all hospitalizations that occurred since the last follow-up for those subjects who reported liver disease were collected and abstracted The contacts ensured that any liver disease that may have been missed through enzyme screening or which may have newly developed would be identified
The study was formerly supported by N01HB87047
Hepatitis following the transfusion of blood and blood products continues to be an important problem despite routine hepatitis surface antigen HBsAg screening of donor blood In the mid 1980s seven to ten percent of transfused individuals developed post-transfusion hepatitis PTH The majority of the cases were ascribed to the viruses of NANB hepatitis Because the viral agent or agents responsible for this disease had not been identified in 1988 it was not possible to prevent the illness There was evidence that the incidence of NANB PTH could be reduced by the use of volunteer donor blood instead of commercial blood Other measures in the absence of a specific test related to efforts to develop a surrogate test to screen donor blood The most promising approach in 1988 was to measure ALT activity and to exclude donors with increased levels of the enzyme The measurement of antihepatitis-B core antigen anti-HBc was another surrogate test that appeared to be useful Acute hepatitis caused by this agents is mild and often asymptomatic although in rare instances fulminant hepatitis may result and indeed may be associated with a higher mortality than that occurring in the course of acute hepatitis A or B
Of greater concern was the finding that chronic hepatitis appeared to be a common outcome of acute NANB PTH Chronic NANB hepatitis was defined as the presence of chronic liver disease in a patient who was negative for the serologic markers of hepatitis B virus hepatitis A virus cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus and who did not have a history of drug toxicity alcoholism or heart failure
It appeared likely that chronic liver disease occurred at least as commonly and perhaps more commonly following infection with the NANB viruses than with the hepatitis B virus Furthermore evidence suggested that the presumed serious histopathologic abnormalities of chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis were also more common
The chronic sequelae of NANB hepatitis infection may therefore be more important than the acute illness That information was of profound importance to blood bankers Because the most disturbing data had been derived primarily from isolated studies suggesting possible regional overtones or an effect of large volume transfusion it seemed appropriate to study the problem of chronic NANB hepatitis on a wider scale
DESIGN NARRATIVE
The design was that of a retrospective prospective study which followed two previously studied cohorts In Phase I evidence was presented that subjects in the Transfusion-Transmitted Virus Study and the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study of Post-transfusion Hepatitis could be located and their current status established Initiation of Phase II was dependent on successful completion of Phase I
In Phase II medical records of all individuals identified in Phase I were obtained The records were examined for clinical morbidity and mortality with particular attention given to liver-related abnormalities Death certificates were sought for deceased patients All surviving patients in the control and case groups were invited to participate and were re-evaluated and followed prospectively Controls were matched for age race gender and number of units of blood product received Initial re-evaluation consisted of a medical history physical examination and a series of biochemical tests for evidence of chronic liver disease In the initial evaluation survivors were compared for clinical evidence of chronic liver disease biochemical and special test evidence of chronic liver disease
In Phase III all subjects from both groups were followed for six months by biochemical screening including aminotransferase ALT and aspartate aminotransferase AST Enzyme assays were performed at least three times thirty days apart If aminotransferase activity was persistently abnormal a liver biopsy was performed The initial six month follow-up was designed to detect chronic liver disease Once evidence of chronic liver disease had been established those patients with chronic liver disease and controls were re-evaluated for evidence of liver disease at six-month intervals for three years from the initial visit
The study was renewed in 1993 in order to develop a protocol and manual of operations for continuation of the study on the long- term follow-up of transfusion-associated non-Anon-B NANB hepatitis to conduct annual National Death Index NDI searches for all cohort members who were alive or not located at last follow-up to obtain and code death certificates for all newly deceased and to collect and abstract medical records for all hospitalizations that occurred since the last follow-up for newly deceased subjects The searches were conducted to determine whether a mortality difference between the infected cohort and the controls would develop with longer observation as was suggested by the continued presence of chronic liver disease Each surviving member was contacted annually and medical records for all hospitalizations that occurred since the last follow-up for those subjects who reported liver disease were collected and abstracted The contacts ensured that any liver disease that may have been missed through enzyme screening or which may have newly developed would be identified
The study was formerly supported by N01HB87047
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
Is an Unapproved Device?:
Is a PPSD?:
Is a US Export?:
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?: