Ignite Creation Date:
2024-05-05 @ 11:43 AM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 9:12 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT00116766
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2016-09-02
First Post:
2005-06-30
Brief Title:
Field Evaluation of Plant-based Mosquito Control
Sponsor:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Organization:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Study Overview
Official Title:
Field Evaluation of Malaria Vector Control Using Traditional Plant-based Anti-mosquito Measures in Yunnan Province PR China
Status:
COMPLETED
Status Verified Date:
2007-02
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
None
Brief Summary:
Isolated minority communities in China use traditional plant-based methods of mosquito control This study is evaluating 4 plants used in this way by monitoring mosquitoes entering houses on nights when the plants are being used in this way A blind placebo controlled study design will monitor plant use and record mosquito species numbers caught in CDC light traps indoors over 3 months
Detailed Description:
Introduction
One of the greatest challenges to those planning vector control programmes in developing Countries is the provision of cover to those populations in remote or isolated areas Commonly it is these communities which bear the greatest burden of disease due to location and inaccessibility to local health care Yunnan Province is a good example of such problems The border region with Laos Myanmar and Vietnam contributes a high proportion of all malaria cases in the whole of China yet few if any disease control initiatives cover the rural minority peoples and migrant workers who inhabit the region Comprehensive ethnobotanical surveys in the area have shown many of the 25 minority peoples living in isolated communities already use traditional herbal forms of mosquito control utilising several of the abundant species in the particularly diverse local environment Having identified a number of potentially useful plant species being used in terms of their availability sustainability low cost free and known chemical constituents the investigators and the local Chinese malaria control officials consider a phase II evaluation of the most promising candidates is justified In particular 4 widely used plants are traditionally used as fumigants to reduce prevent mosquitoes entering houses either by burning dried or fresh material on the indoor cooking fires each evening or by spraying tinctures around entry sites like eaves windows Due to the method of use it would be very difficult to simulate this in the laboratory so a simple means of field evaluation has been chosen
Materials
The ethnobotanical survey revealed the following plant species as candidates for further study Artemesia argyi Eucalyptus robusta Eupatorium odoratum Cinnamomum glanduliferum
Each of these plant species occurs naturally in abundance in the region and collection will have no significant environmental impact Moderate amounts approx 1 Kg sufficient for each study will be collected locally in each field site prior to if used dried or at the start of each experiment fresh
Methods
Plants will be evaluated under natural user conditions in a randomised and controlled manner in villages in Xishuangbanna Region Yunnan PR China Village- based studies of several other mosquito control methods have already been successfully undertaken in this region by the LSHTM and YIPD team Villages belonging to one of the ethnic groups using each traditional method will be selected according to agreement between local health workers from YIPD and the village elders availability of plant species and preliminary survey of vector species collected indoors with CDC traps A different village will be selected for each plant being evaluated After collecting background entomological data 6 houses matched for baseline parameters such as occupancy level location construction animal proximity and being evenly spaced among others in the village to reduce diversion effects will be enrolled into the study On any one night 2 will be allocated treatment use of plant 2 will be allocated hay used for cattle bedding as a negative control and 2 will be left unused to reduce any residual effects In each case the treatment or control group will be instructed to place pre-prepared batches of plant material weighed fresh or dry depending upon type onto their cooking fire in the traditional manner in the early evening Commercial CDC traps BioQuip Inc USA will be used in beside the sleeping areas of each house from 1 hour before sunset to early morning Catches will be identified by local vector experts each day to record species and number House treatment will be rotated each night using latin square principles to achieve a minimum of 12 replicates of each treatment in every house 36 nights duration 216 trapnights and will take place during the rainy malaria season July - Nov 2005 when both plants and vector levels are highest
In the case of C glanduliferum the plant extract or hay extract will be sprayed at a predetermined rate onto eaves doors windows in the traditional manner following the same principles Efficacy will be determined by comparing mosquito species numbers caught in control treatment houses using appropriate statistical analysis ANOVA methodologies
One of the greatest challenges to those planning vector control programmes in developing Countries is the provision of cover to those populations in remote or isolated areas Commonly it is these communities which bear the greatest burden of disease due to location and inaccessibility to local health care Yunnan Province is a good example of such problems The border region with Laos Myanmar and Vietnam contributes a high proportion of all malaria cases in the whole of China yet few if any disease control initiatives cover the rural minority peoples and migrant workers who inhabit the region Comprehensive ethnobotanical surveys in the area have shown many of the 25 minority peoples living in isolated communities already use traditional herbal forms of mosquito control utilising several of the abundant species in the particularly diverse local environment Having identified a number of potentially useful plant species being used in terms of their availability sustainability low cost free and known chemical constituents the investigators and the local Chinese malaria control officials consider a phase II evaluation of the most promising candidates is justified In particular 4 widely used plants are traditionally used as fumigants to reduce prevent mosquitoes entering houses either by burning dried or fresh material on the indoor cooking fires each evening or by spraying tinctures around entry sites like eaves windows Due to the method of use it would be very difficult to simulate this in the laboratory so a simple means of field evaluation has been chosen
Materials
The ethnobotanical survey revealed the following plant species as candidates for further study Artemesia argyi Eucalyptus robusta Eupatorium odoratum Cinnamomum glanduliferum
Each of these plant species occurs naturally in abundance in the region and collection will have no significant environmental impact Moderate amounts approx 1 Kg sufficient for each study will be collected locally in each field site prior to if used dried or at the start of each experiment fresh
Methods
Plants will be evaluated under natural user conditions in a randomised and controlled manner in villages in Xishuangbanna Region Yunnan PR China Village- based studies of several other mosquito control methods have already been successfully undertaken in this region by the LSHTM and YIPD team Villages belonging to one of the ethnic groups using each traditional method will be selected according to agreement between local health workers from YIPD and the village elders availability of plant species and preliminary survey of vector species collected indoors with CDC traps A different village will be selected for each plant being evaluated After collecting background entomological data 6 houses matched for baseline parameters such as occupancy level location construction animal proximity and being evenly spaced among others in the village to reduce diversion effects will be enrolled into the study On any one night 2 will be allocated treatment use of plant 2 will be allocated hay used for cattle bedding as a negative control and 2 will be left unused to reduce any residual effects In each case the treatment or control group will be instructed to place pre-prepared batches of plant material weighed fresh or dry depending upon type onto their cooking fire in the traditional manner in the early evening Commercial CDC traps BioQuip Inc USA will be used in beside the sleeping areas of each house from 1 hour before sunset to early morning Catches will be identified by local vector experts each day to record species and number House treatment will be rotated each night using latin square principles to achieve a minimum of 12 replicates of each treatment in every house 36 nights duration 216 trapnights and will take place during the rainy malaria season July - Nov 2005 when both plants and vector levels are highest
In the case of C glanduliferum the plant extract or hay extract will be sprayed at a predetermined rate onto eaves doors windows in the traditional manner following the same principles Efficacy will be determined by comparing mosquito species numbers caught in control treatment houses using appropriate statistical analysis ANOVA methodologies
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
None
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
None
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?:
None