Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
* Age between 18 and 80 years (inclusive), regardless of gender.
* Patients diagnosed with cirrhosis through clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, imaging studies, and/or liver biopsy.
* Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) ≥ 12 mmHg.
* Willingness to participate and sign the informed consent form.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Use of non-selective β-blockers (e.g., carvedilol, propranolol) or alverine, papaverine, and its derivatives (e.g., papaverine hydrochloride, drotaverine hydrochloride) within 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
* Previous transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or other interventional treatments affecting portal pressure (including splenic embolization, microwave treatment of the spleen).
* Previous liver transplantation.
* Occurrence of overt hepatic encephalopathy or esophageal/gastric variceal bleeding within 2 weeks prior to enrollment; endoscopic treatment of esophageal/gastric varices within 1 week prior to enrollment or planned endoscopic treatment.
* Use of somatostatin and its analogs, vasopressin, terlipressin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and other vasoactive drugs within 1 week prior to enrollment.
* History of alcoholism within 12 weeks prior to enrollment and inability to stop drinking during the study (equivalent ethanol intake ≥ 30 g/day for males, ≥ 20 g/day for females).
* Serum total bilirubin level ≥ 3×ULN (for autoimmune liver disease patients, ≥ 5×ULN), serum sodium level \< 125 mmol/L, white blood cell count \< 1×10\^9/L, platelet count \< 50×10\^9/L, INR \> 1.8, or serum creatinine ≥ 1.2×ULN.
* Presence of thrombosis in the portal venous system (including the portal vein, splenic vein, superior mesenteric vein, etc.) or cavernous transformation of the portal vein; previous portal venous system thrombosis if no definite thrombosis detected in the portal venous system within 2 weeks.
* HBV DNA or HCV RNA above the lower limit of detection; patients undergoing active antiviral treatment for hepatitis C; antiviral treatment for hepatitis B \< 24 weeks.
* Uncontrollable active infections (e.g., pulmonary infection, abdominal infection, HIV) within 2 weeks prior to enrollment.
* Uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, or other severe heart/lung diseases.
* Diagnosis or suspicion of malignant tumors, including liver cancer.
* Known allergy to alverine or papaverine and its derivatives (e.g., papaverine hydrochloride, drotaverine hydrochloride) or simethicone.
* Presence of psychiatric symptoms.
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women, or women who may be pregnant.
* Participation in other drug trials within 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
* Any other reasons deemed by the researchers as unsuitable for participation.