Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
* Age 18 - 70 years, inclusive
* History of having sustained a TBI \> 3 days and \< 7 days prior to enrollment. This evidence will be any one of the following:
1. GCS 3 - 12 on first presentation to medical attention
2. Post-traumatic amnesia \> 24 hours
3. TBI-related abnormality on neuroimaging
* Persistent post-concussive symptoms
1. Three of more of the following symptoms, which started shortly after the trauma and persist for at least up to the time of enrollment:
* Fatigueability
* Disordered sleep
* Headache
* Vertigo or dizziness
* Irritability or aggression
* Anxiety, depression, or affective instability
* Changes in personality (e.g., social or sexual inappropriateness)
* Apathy or lack of spontaneity
2. Symptoms had their onset after trauma, or there is a significant worsening or pre-existing symptoms after trauma.
* Ability to give consent by the participant himself
* Willingness of women of childbearing potential to use effective contraception during this
Exclusion Criteria:
* Contraindication to EPO therapy:
1. Known allergy to EPO, hypersensitivity to mammalian cell-derived products, or hypersensitivity to albumin
2. Serum hemoglobin \> 16 g/dL in a male patient or \> 14 g/dL in a female patient; or a platelet count \> 400,000/mm3 or serum hemoglobin \< 10 g/dL in either a male or female patient
3. liver or kidney disease; the former will be operationally defined as a serum bilirubin \> 4 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase (AP) \> 250 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT, AST) \> 150 U/L, alanine aminotransferase (SGPT, ALT) \>150 U/L, or Moderately decreased GFR 30-59 ml/min/1.73m2
4. Pregnancy or lactating; note that a negative pregnancy test will be required if the patient is a female of childbearing potential
* Use of EPO one month prior to the randomization
* Suspicion of a coagulation disorder associated with bleeding (PTT\>45 or INR\>1.7, spontaneously out of normal range)
* Pre-existing and active major disabling psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia or bipolar disorder), or other neurological disease (epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, developmental disorder) not related to TBI
* History of heart disease or heart attack, congestive heart failure, stroke, venous thromboembolism.
* History of disorders that predispose to coagulation (e.g. polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura).
* Uncontrolled hypertension, defined as above 140/90 mm Hg in three measurements in two separate visits despite antihypertensive therapy.
* Known malignant conditions, e.g., melanoma, breast, brain, lung tumor or prostate cancer
* Terminal medical diagnosis consistent with survival \< 1 year
* Planned surgical procedure during duration of the study
* Current use of Coumadin or other blood thinners (e.g. Pradaxa, Heparin, Lovenox).
* Any history of previous deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolization (PE), or other thromboembolic event
* Current participation in other interventional clinical trial
* Current use of iron supplements
* Evidence of penetrating brain injury
* Contraindication to MRI scanning
* No adherence to use of effective method of contraception for females of childbearing potential for time from enrollment to the study until 2 weeks after completion of the study drug